Agboola John Owoade, Olatoke Samuel Adegboyega, Rahman Ganiyu Abebisi
Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara ; Surgery, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria.
Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara.
Niger Med J. 2014 May;55(3):266-70. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.132068.
Abdominal pain of sudden onset is the hallmark of most non-traumatic emergency surgical presentations. This presents a scenario of urgency to the young surgeon who has to determine which of a myriad of disease conditions the patient is presenting with. Such a physician has to rely on experience and a sound knowledge of the local aetiological spectrum in making a clinical diagnosis.
To determine the epidemiology and aetiological spectrum of diseases presenting as acute abdomen in the adult population at the hospital surgical emergency unit.
Two hundred and seventy-six patients presenting at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital emergency unit and managed by the general surgeons between 1(st) of May 2009 and 30(th) of April 2010 were recruited and followed-up throughout the period of admission. The biodata and clinical information inclusive of diagnosis, investigations, treatment modality and outcome were entered in a structured questioner. Standardised treatment was given to all patients and difficulties encountered in their management were also noted. The data collected was evaluated using SPSS16.
Acute abdomen constituted 9.6% of total surgical emergency admissions with patients aged 16-45 years constituting 78.3%. The commonest cause of acute abdomen was appendicitis (30.3%) followed by intestinal obstruction (27.9%), perforated typhoid ileitis 14.9% and peptic ulcer disease (7.6%), respectively.
The result from the study is similar to what has been reported in other tropical settings with inflammatory lesions being the major problem. There is also a rising incidence of post-operative adhesions and gradual decline in incidence of obstructed hernia.
突发腹痛是大多数非创伤性急诊外科病例的标志。这给年轻外科医生带来了一种紧迫感，他们必须确定患者所患的众多疾病状况中的哪一种。这样的医生必须依靠经验和对当地病因谱的扎实了解来做出临床诊断。
确定在医院外科急诊室就诊的成年急性腹痛患者的流行病学和病因谱。
招募了2009年5月1日至2010年4月30日期间在伊洛林大学教学医院急诊室就诊并由普通外科医生治疗的276例患者，并在整个住院期间进行随访。将包括诊断、检查、治疗方式和结果在内的生物数据和临床信息输入结构化问卷。对所有患者给予标准化治疗，并记录治疗过程中遇到的困难。使用SPSS16对收集的数据进行评估。
急性腹痛占外科急诊入院总数的9.6%，其中16 - 45岁的患者占78.3%。急性腹痛最常见的原因分别是阑尾炎（30.3%）、肠梗阻（27.9%）、伤寒性回肠炎穿孔（14.9%）和消化性溃疡病（7.6%）。
该研究结果与其他热带地区报道的情况相似，炎症性病变是主要问题。术后粘连的发生率也在上升，而嵌顿疝的发生率逐渐下降。
