Dombroski Colin E, Balsdon Megan E R, Froats Adam
Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
BMC Res Notes. 2014 Jul 10;7:443. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-443.
Custom foot orthoses are currently recognized as the gold standard for treatment of foot and lower limb pathology. While foam and plaster casting methods are most widely used in clinical practice, technology has emerged, permitting the use of 3D scanning, computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) for fabrication of foot molds and custom foot orthotic components. Adoption of 3D printing, as a form of CAM, requires further investigation for use as a clinical tool.This study provides a preliminary description of a new method to manufacture foot orthoses using a novel 3D scanner and printer and compare gait kinematic outputs from shod and traditional plaster casted orthotics.
One participant (male, 25 years) was included with no lower extremity injuries. Foot molds were created from both plaster casting and 3D scanning/printing methods. Custom foot orthoses were then fabricated from each mold. Lower body plug-in-gait with the Oxford Foot Model on the right foot was collected for both orthotic and control (shod) conditions. The medial longitudinal arch was measured using arch height index (AHI) where a decrease in AHI represented a drop in arch height. The lowest AHI was 21.2 mm in the running shoes, followed by 21.4 mm wearing the orthoses made using 3D scanning and printing, with the highest AHI of 22.0 mm while the participant wore the plaster casted orthoses.
This preliminary study demonstrated a small increase in AHI with the 3D printing orthotic compared to the shod condition. A larger sample size may demonstrate significant patterns for the tested conditions.
定制足部矫形器目前被认为是治疗足部和下肢疾病的金标准。虽然泡沫和石膏铸型方法在临床实践中应用最为广泛，但新技术已经出现，允许使用三维扫描、计算机辅助设计（CAD）和计算机辅助制造（CAM）来制作足部模具和定制足部矫形器部件。作为一种计算机辅助制造形式的3D打印，作为一种临床工具的应用还需要进一步研究。本研究初步描述了一种使用新型三维扫描仪和打印机制造足部矫形器的新方法，并比较了穿着定制矫形器和传统石膏铸型矫形器时的步态运动学输出。
纳入一名参与者（男性，25岁），无下肢损伤。通过石膏铸型和三维扫描/打印方法制作足部模具。然后从每个模具制作定制足部矫形器。在佩戴矫形器和对照（穿鞋）两种情况下，均采集了右脚使用牛津足部模型的下半身插入式步态数据。使用足弓高度指数（AHI）测量内侧纵弓，AHI降低表示足弓高度下降。跑鞋状态下最低AHI为21.2毫米，其次是使用三维扫描和打印制作的矫形器，AHI为21.4毫米，参与者佩戴石膏铸型矫形器时AHI最高，为22.0毫米。
这项初步研究表明，与穿鞋状态相比，3D打印矫形器的AHI略有增加。更大的样本量可能会显示出测试条件下的显著模式。
