Parasite Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Parasite Immunol. 2014 Oct;36(10):531-9. doi: 10.1111/pim.12127.
The M2 subset of macrophages has a critical role to play in host tissue repair, tissue fibrosis and modulation of adaptive immunity during helminth infection. Infection with the helminth, Fasciola hepatica, is associated with M2 macrophages in its mammalian host, and this response is mimicked by its excretory-secretory products (FhES). The tegumental coat of F. hepatica (FhTeg) is another major source of immune-modulatory molecules; we have previously shown that FhTeg can modulate the activity of both dendritic cells and mast cells inhibiting their ability to prime a Th1 immune response. Here, we report that FhTeg does not induce Th2 immune responses but can induce M2-like phenotype in vivo that modulates cytokine production from CD4(+) cells in response to anti-CD3 stimulation. FhTeg induces a RELMα expressing macrophage population in vitro, while in vivo, the expression of Arg1 and Ym-1/2 but not RELMα in FhTeg-stimulated macrophages was STAT6 dependent. To support this finding, FhTeg induces RELMα expression in vivo prior to the induction of IL-13. FhTeg can induce IL-13-producing peritoneal macrophages following intraperitoneal injection This study highlights the important role of FhTeg as an immune-modulatory source during F. hepatica infection and sheds further light on helminth-macrophage interactions.
在寄生虫感染期间,M2 巨噬细胞亚群在宿主组织修复、组织纤维化和适应性免疫调节中起着关键作用。曼氏血吸虫感染与哺乳动物宿主中的 M2 巨噬细胞有关,其分泌的排泄产物(FhES)也能模拟这种反应。曼氏血吸虫的表皮层(FhTeg)是另一种主要的免疫调节分子来源;我们之前已经表明,FhTeg 可以调节树突状细胞和肥大细胞的活性,抑制它们诱导 Th1 免疫反应的能力。在这里,我们报告说,FhTeg 不会诱导 Th2 免疫反应,但可以在体内诱导 M2 样表型,从而调节 CD4(+)细胞对抗 CD3 刺激的细胞因子产生。FhTeg 在体外诱导表达 RELMα 的巨噬细胞群体,而在体内,FhTeg 刺激的巨噬细胞中 Arg1 和 Ym-1/2 的表达而不是 RELMα 的表达依赖于 STAT6。为了支持这一发现,FhTeg 在诱导 IL-13 之前在体内诱导 RELMα 的表达。FhTeg 可以在腹腔内注射后诱导产生 IL-13 的腹腔巨噬细胞。本研究强调了 FhTeg 在 F. hepatica 感染期间作为一种免疫调节来源的重要作用,并进一步阐明了寄生虫-巨噬细胞相互作用。