Sykes Jonathan M, Nolen David
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 2521 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 6206, Sacramento, CA 95746, USA.
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 2521 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 6206, Sacramento, CA 95746, USA.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2014 Aug;22(3):463-70. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2014.04.008.
Aging of the face is inevitable and undeniable. This process includes a loss of skeletal support, soft tissue volume depletion, and a decrease in skin elasticity. The contribution of these 3 factors varies between individuals with noticeable hereditary influence. Characteristic ethnic features have been described in the literature, but as societies have changed, many of these ethnic variations have blended together. Facial cosmetic procedures must to be tailored to address these variations in anatomy, and consideration must be given to enhancing the facial skeleton, adequately lifting the soft tissues, and planning careful incisions to be closed under no tension.
面部衰老是不可避免且无可否认的。这个过程包括骨骼支撑的丧失、软组织体积的减少以及皮肤弹性的下降。这三个因素的作用在个体间有所不同,具有明显的遗传影响。文献中描述了具有特征性的种族特征,但随着社会的变化,许多这些种族差异已经相互融合。面部美容手术必须根据这些解剖学差异进行调整,并且必须考虑增强面部骨骼、充分提升软组织以及规划在无张力下闭合的精细切口。