Weise William J, Hermance Meghan E, Forrester Naomi, Adams A Paige, Langsjoen Rose, Gorchakov Rodion, Wang Eryu, Alcorn Maria D H, Tsetsarkin Konstantin, Weaver Scott C
Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, Center for Tropical Diseases, and Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Aug 7;8(8):e2969. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002969. eCollection 2014 Aug.
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging, mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes a dengue-like illness in many regions of South America, and which has the potential to urbanize. Because no specific treatment or vaccine is available for MAYV infection, we capitalized on an IRES-based approach to develop a live-attenuated MAYV vaccine candidate. Testing in infant, immunocompetent as well as interferon receptor-deficient mice demonstrated a high degree of attenuation, strong induction of neutralizing antibodies, and efficacy against lethal challenge. This vaccine strain was also unable to infect mosquito cells, a major safety feature for a live vaccine derived from a mosquito-borne virus. Further preclinical development of this vaccine candidate is warranted to protect against this important emerging disease.
马亚罗病毒（MAYV）是一种新出现的、由蚊子传播的甲病毒，在南美洲许多地区引发类似登革热的疾病，并且有可能在城市中传播。由于目前尚无针对MAYV感染的特效治疗方法或疫苗，我们利用基于内部核糖体进入位点（IRES）的方法开发了一种减毒活MAYV疫苗候选株。在幼龄、免疫功能正常以及干扰素受体缺陷小鼠中进行的测试表明，该疫苗候选株具有高度减毒特性，能强烈诱导中和抗体产生，并且对致死性攻击具有保护效力。这种疫苗株也无法感染蚊子细胞，这是源自蚊媒病毒的活疫苗的一项主要安全特性。有必要对这种疫苗候选株进行进一步的临床前开发，以预防这种重要的新出现疾病。
