后多生磨牙的形态学和局部解剖学特征：对25186名受试者的流行病学研究
Morphological and topographical characteristics of posterior supernumerary molar teeth: an epidemiological study on 25,186 subjects.
作者信息
Cassetta Michele, Altieri Federica, Giansanti Matteo, Di-Giorgio Roberto, Calasso Sabrina
机构信息
V. le Cesare Pavese, 85, 00144, Rome, Italy,
出版信息
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2014 Nov 1;19(6):e545-9. doi: 10.4317/medoral.19775.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the prevalence , gender difference , arch , morphology and position within the arch of supernumerary molar (SM) teeth in a referred Italian Caucasian population.
STUDY DESIGN
Records of 25,186 young patients were evaluated. Only data related to supernumerary teeth in the posterior region of the jaws were analyzed. The diagnosis of hyperdontia was formulated during the clinical and radiological examinations based on panoramic radiographs. Statistical analysis was conducted at level of subjects in the assessment of prevalence of SMs and sex ratio. Statistical analysis was conducted at level of teeth according to their morphological and topographic characteristics. The analysis of association between supernumerary morphology and arch, between supernumerary position and arch and between morphology and position was performed using the χ2 test (P≤ 0.05).
RESULTS
61 posterior supernumerary teeth were found in 45 patients. The male to female ratio was 2.5:1 ;the mean age was 21.23 (IC:95%).The SMs were found more frequently in the maxilla (62.3%) than in the mandible; supernumerary teeth (60.7%) were more frequent than supplemental teeth. The SMs were mostly of tuberculate shape (56.8%) and paramolars teeth (64.9%) were more common than distomolars. 54% of teeth were erupted in the arch. No statistically significant relationship were found between the supernumerary teeth shape and the arch (P= 0.087) , between supernumerary teeth position and the arch (P=0.511) and between morphology and position (P=0.216).
CONCLUSIONS
Epidemiological studies related to supernumerary teeth can be useful to clinicians in the early diagnosis of this anomaly. In this retrospective study the prevalence of SMs was 0.18%. SMs were more frequent in males and in the maxilla. Supernumerary were more frequent than supplemental; the conical morphology and paramolar position were the most common shape and position.
目的
调查意大利裔白种人转诊人群中多生磨牙（SM）的患病率、性别差异、牙弓情况、形态及在牙弓内的位置。
研究设计
评估了25186例年轻患者的记录。仅分析与颌骨后部多生牙相关的数据。在临床和放射学检查期间，根据全景X线片对多生牙进行诊断。在个体水平上对多生磨牙的患病率和性别比进行统计分析。根据牙齿的形态和位置特征在牙齿水平上进行统计分析。使用χ2检验（P≤0.05）对多生牙形态与牙弓、多生牙位置与牙弓以及形态与位置之间的关联进行分析。
结果
在45例患者中发现61颗颌骨后部多生牙。男女比例为2.5:1；平均年龄为21.23岁（95%可信区间）。多生磨牙在上颌的发现频率（62.3%）高于下颌；多生牙（60.7%）比额外牙更常见。多生磨牙大多为结节状（56.8%），磨牙旁多生牙（64.9%）比远中多生牙更常见。54%的牙齿已萌出于牙弓内。多生牙形状与牙弓之间（P=0.087）、多生牙位置与牙弓之间（P=0.511）以及形态与位置之间（P=0.216）未发现统计学上的显著关系。
结论
与多生牙相关的流行病学研究对临床医生早期诊断这种异常情况可能有用。在这项回顾性研究中，多生磨牙的患病率为0.18%。多生磨牙在男性和上颌中更常见。多生牙比额外牙更常见；锥形形态和磨牙旁位置是最常见的形状和位置。
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