菜单规划联合个体化咨询对改善 2 型糖尿病患者健康结局和饮食依从性的可行性和效果：一项初步研究。

Feasibility and efficacy of menu planning combined with individual counselling to improve health outcomes and dietary adherence in people with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study.

机构信息

Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physiology, Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

出版信息

Can J Diabetes. 2014 Oct;38(5):320-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.03.009. Epub 2014 Aug 29.

DOI:10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.03.009

PMID:25175312

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and efficacy of implementing a 4-week menu plan combined with individual counselling among people with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

A 12-week pilot study with a pretest and post-test design was conducted among 15 participants with type 2 diabetes. The menu plan incorporated the overall recommendations of the Canadian Diabetes Association nutrition therapy guidelines and considered factors such as the accessibility, availability and acceptability of foods. Change in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) was the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes were changes in serum lipid, anthropometric and dietary measures.

RESULTS

Mean (±SD) age of the participants was 59.3±9.9 years, and duration of diabetes was 8.1±8.3 years. After the program, A1C decreased by 1.0%±0.86% (p<0.05). There were significant reductions (p<0.05) in weight, body mass index, waist circumference and fat mass and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. No significant changes were observed in dietary measures except for perceived dietary adherence score, which increased significantly (p<0.05). Participants reported using the menu plan an average of 5.0±1.9 days a week and attended, on average, 4 of 6 counselling sessions.

CONCLUSIONS

Menu planning and individual counselling were demonstrated to be feasible and effective for diabetes management, and they represent a simple and practical approach to implement the nutritional recommendations for diabetes in Canada.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在检验在 2 型糖尿病患者中实施为期 4 周的菜单计划联合个体咨询的可行性和疗效。

方法

采用预测试和后测试设计，对 15 名 2 型糖尿病患者进行了为期 12 周的试点研究。该菜单计划结合了加拿大糖尿病协会营养治疗指南的总体建议，并考虑了食物的可及性、可得性和可接受性等因素。糖化血红蛋白（A1C）的变化是主要结局，次要结局是血清脂质、人体测量学和饮食措施的变化。

结果

参与者的平均（±SD）年龄为 59.3±9.9 岁，糖尿病病程为 8.1±8.3 年。方案实施后，A1C 降低了 1.0%±0.86%（p<0.05）。体重、体重指数、腰围和脂肪量均显著降低（p<0.05），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高。除了感知饮食依从性评分显著增加（p<0.05）外，饮食措施无显著变化。参与者报告平均每周使用菜单计划 5.0±1.9 天，平均参加 6 次咨询中的 4 次。