青少年游泳运动员自由泳冲刺表现与肌束长度的关系。
Relationship between sprint performance of front crawl swimming and muscle fascicle length in young swimmers.
机构信息
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Birjand , Birjand, Iran.
Department of Radiology, Birjand University of Medical Science , Birjand, Iran.
出版信息
J Sports Sci Med. 2014 Sep 1;13(3):550-6. eCollection 2014 Sep.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between 25-m sprint front crawl swimming performance and muscle fascicle length in young male swimmers. 23 swimmers were selected and divided into two groups according to their best records of 25-m sprint performance: 14.6-15.7 sec (S1, n = 11) and 15.8-17 sec (S2, n = 12). Muscle thickness and pennation angle of Biceps Brachii (BB; only muscle thickness), Triceps Brachii (TB), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Gastrocnemius Medialis (GM) and Lateralis (GL) muscles were measured by B-mode ultrasonography, and fascicle length was estimated. Although, there was no significant differences between groups in anthropometrical parameter as standing height, body mass, arm length, thigh length and leg length (p < 0.001), however, S1 significantly had a greater muscle thickness in VL, GL, and TB muscles (p < 0.05). Pennation angle only in TB was significantly smaller in S1 (p < 0.05). S1 in VL, GL, and TB muscles significantly had greater absolute fascicle length and in VL and TB muscles had relatively (relative to limb length) greater fascicle length (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between sprint swimming time and absolute and relative fascicle length in VL (absolute: r = -0.49 and relative: r = -0.43, both p < 0.05) and GL (absolute: r = -0.47 and relative: r = -0.42, both p < 0.05). Potentially, it seems that fascicle geometry developed in muscles of faster young swimmers to help them to perform their high speed movement. Key PointsThis study investigated the relationship between muscle fascicle length and sprint front crawl performance in young male swimmers.It seems that young swimmers with faster front crawl sprint swimming performance trend to have smaller pennation angle and greater absolute and relative fascicle length (relative to limb length) in their locomotor muscles.Potentially, fascicle geometry developed in faster swimmers to help them to perform higher speed movement via higher output power, however, the adaptive response of fiber length follownig training is not well underestood.
本研究旨在探讨年轻男性游泳运动员 25 米自由泳冲刺表现与肌肉肌束长度之间的关系。选择了 23 名游泳运动员，根据他们 25 米冲刺表现的最佳成绩分为两组：14.6-15.7 秒（S1，n=11）和 15.8-17 秒（S2，n=12）。肱二头肌（BB）、肱三头肌（TB）、股外侧肌（VL）、腓肠肌内侧（GM）和外侧（GL）的肌肉厚度和肌纤维角度通过 B 型超声测量，肌束长度估计。尽管两组在身高、体重、臂长、大腿长和腿长等人体测量参数上无显著差异（p<0.001），但 S1 组 VL、GL 和 TB 肌肉的肌肉厚度显著更大（p<0.05）。S1 组 TB 肌的肌纤维角度显著更小（p<0.05）。S1 组 VL、GL 和 TB 肌肉的绝对肌束长度更大，VL 和 TB 肌肉的相对肌束长度（相对于肢体长度）更大（p<0.05）。此外，VL（绝对：r=-0.49，相对：r=-0.43，均 p<0.05）和 GL（绝对：r=-0.47，相对：r=-0.42，均 p<0.05）的冲刺游泳时间与绝对和相对肌束长度之间存在显著关系。这表明，具有更快游泳冲刺速度的年轻游泳运动员的肌肉肌束几何形状可能有助于他们进行高速运动。关键点本研究调查了年轻男性游泳运动员肌束长度与自由泳冲刺表现之间的关系。似乎具有更快自由泳冲刺速度的年轻游泳运动员的羽状肌角度较小，运动肌的绝对和相对肌束长度（相对于肢体长度）较大。潜在地，游泳运动员的肌束几何形状可能通过更高的输出功率帮助他们进行更高速度的运动，但纤维长度在训练后的适应性反应尚不清楚。
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