Scattone Silva Rodrigo, Serrão Fábio Viadanna
Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physical Therapy, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physical Therapy, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2014 Nov;29(9):1063-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2014.08.004. Epub 2014 Aug 19.
Adolescents have a high incidence of knee joint dysfunctions, with up to 28% of adolescents reporting knee pain. Although adolescent females have a greater incidence of knee injuries in comparison to males, few studies conducted biomechanical evaluations in this population aiming to identify sex differences. If trunk and/or lower limb biomechanical impairments are identified in female adolescents, the implementation of early interventions for injury prevention will be better justified. The purpose of this study was to compare the trunk, pelvis, hip and knee kinematics during a single-leg squat task, as well as the isokinetic eccentric hip torque, between male and female healthy adolescents.
Forty-four healthy adolescents were divided into two groups, group of males (n=22) and group of females (n=22). Kinematics during single-leg squat were assessed using a electromagnetic tracking system. For the evaluation of eccentric hip torque in the three planes an isokinetic dynamometer was used. Group differences were assessed using a one-way multivariate analysis of variance.
Results showed that adolescent females presented greater hip adduction, hip external rotation and knee abduction, as well as smaller trunk flexion during single-leg squat in comparison to males. Additionally, adolescent females showed smaller isokinetic eccentric hip torque normalized by body mass in all planes in comparison to males.
These sex differences in terms of trunk/lower limb kinematics and eccentric hip torque generation might play an important role in the greater incidence of overuse knee injuries observed in adolescent females.
青少年膝关节功能障碍的发生率很高，多达28%的青少年报告有膝关节疼痛。尽管与男性相比，青少年女性膝关节损伤的发生率更高，但很少有研究对该人群进行生物力学评估以确定性别差异。如果在女性青少年中发现躯干和/或下肢生物力学损伤，那么实施早期预防损伤的干预措施将更有依据。本研究的目的是比较健康青少年男性和女性在单腿深蹲任务期间的躯干、骨盆、髋部和膝关节运动学，以及等速离心髋部扭矩。
44名健康青少年被分为两组，男性组（n = 22）和女性组（n = 22）。使用电磁跟踪系统评估单腿深蹲期间的运动学。使用等速测力计评估三个平面内的离心髋部扭矩。使用单因素多变量方差分析评估组间差异。
结果表明，与男性相比，青少年女性在单腿深蹲期间表现出更大的髋部内收、髋部外旋和膝关节外展，以及更小的躯干前屈。此外，与男性相比，青少年女性在所有平面内按体重归一化的等速离心髋部扭矩更小。
这些在躯干/下肢运动学和离心髋部扭矩产生方面的性别差异，可能在青少年女性中观察到的过度使用膝关节损伤的较高发生率中起重要作用。
