Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB (UK).
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2014 Oct 27;53(44):11716-54. doi: 10.1002/anie.201309937. Epub 2014 Sep 9.
Since the start of this millennium, remarkable progress in the binding and sensing of anions has been taking place, driven in part by discoveries in the use of hydrogen bonding, as well as the previously under-exploited anion-π interactions and halogen bonding. However, anion supramolecular chemistry has developed substantially beyond anion recognition, and now encompasses a diverse range of disciplines. Dramatic advance has been made in the anion-templated synthesis of macrocycles and interlocked molecular architectures, while the study of transmembrane anion transporters has flourished from almost nothing into a rapidly maturing field of research. The supramolecular chemistry of anions has also found real practical use in a variety of applications such as catalysis, ion extraction, and the use of anions as stimuli for responsive chemical systems.
自本世纪初以来，阴离子的结合和传感方面取得了显著的进展，这部分是由于氢键的应用发现，以及以前未充分利用的阴离子-π相互作用和卤键的应用。然而，阴离子超分子化学的发展已经远远超出了阴离子识别的范围，现在涵盖了广泛的学科。在阴离子模板合成大环和互锁分子结构方面取得了显著的进展，而跨膜阴离子转运蛋白的研究也从几乎空白发展成为一个迅速成熟的研究领域。阴离子的超分子化学在各种应用中也找到了实际的用途，例如催化、离子提取以及利用阴离子作为响应性化学系统的刺激物。
