Retana-Márquez S, Vigueras-Villaseñor R M, Juárez-Rojas L, Aragón-Martínez A, Torres G Reyes
Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Mexico City, CP 09340, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Mexico.
Horm Behav. 2014 Nov;66(5):766-78. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.09.002. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether continuous sexual behavior could attenuate the effects of chronic stress on spermatogenesis, sexual glands, plasma testosterone and corticosterone in sexually experienced male rats. Rats were exposed to stress by immersion in cold water (ICW) daily for 20 or 50 consecutive days. Plasma testosterone and corticosterone, masculine sexual behavior, as well as the number of offspring, the epithelial area of seminiferous, prostatic and seminal glands were assessed. In stressed males, body and testicular weights decreased, male sexual behavior was disrupted, and adrenal weights increased. In males stressed for 50 days, prostate and seminal glands had lower weights compared with controls. Prostate and seminal epithelial areas also decreased in these males. Seminiferous tubules in testes from rats stressed for 20 or 50 days showed several degenerative signs, such as vacuoles in the basal epithelium, with picnotic indicia; moderate to severe exfoliation of degenerative germinal cells in the tubule lumen was also observed. In males stressed for 50 days a significant decrease in seminiferous epithelial area was observed from stages I-VIII, regardless of copulation. The litters from females that copulated with males stressed for 50 days decreased significantly. Chronic stress caused increase in plasma levels of corticosterone, which were higher in males stressed for 20 days than in males stressed for 50 days. Testosterone decreased in stressed males and it was lower in males stressed for 50 days. In stressed males allowed to copulate, body and testicular weights were similar to controls. Adrenal, seminal glands, and prostate weights, as well as epithelial areas of males stressed for 50 days allowed to copulate were also similar to controls. Corticosterone was lower than in males stressed for 50 days, but still higher than in controls. Testosterone in males stressed for 50 days and allowed to copulate was higher than in stressed males not allowed to copulate and control males without copulation, but still lower than in control copulating males. These results show that chronic stress causes germ cell loss in testes and a decrease in prostate and seminal epithelium, possibly as a result of testosterone decrease, affecting fertility. Continuous copulation can attenuate the effects of stress on testosterone levels and on the epithelial area in male sexual glands, but not on the seminiferous epithelium after 50 days of stress.
本研究的目的是评估持续性行为是否能减轻慢性应激对有性经验雄性大鼠精子发生、性腺、血浆睾酮和皮质酮的影响。大鼠每天浸入冷水中（ICW）持续20天或50天以暴露于应激状态。评估血浆睾酮和皮质酮、雄性性行为以及后代数量、生精小管、前列腺和精囊的上皮面积。在应激雄性大鼠中，体重和睾丸重量下降，雄性性行为受到干扰，肾上腺重量增加。在应激50天的雄性大鼠中，前列腺和精囊重量低于对照组。这些雄性大鼠的前列腺和精囊上皮面积也减小。应激20天或50天的大鼠睾丸中的生精小管显示出一些退化迹象，如基底上皮中的空泡，伴有核固缩迹象；还观察到小管腔中退化生殖细胞的中度至重度脱落。在应激50天的雄性大鼠中，无论是否交配，从第一至第八阶段观察到生精上皮面积显著减少。与应激50天的雄性大鼠交配的雌性大鼠所产的窝仔数显著减少。慢性应激导致血浆皮质酮水平升高，应激20天的雄性大鼠的皮质酮水平高于应激50天的雄性大鼠。应激雄性大鼠的睾酮水平降低，应激50天的雄性大鼠的睾酮水平更低。在允许交配的应激雄性大鼠中，体重和睾丸重量与对照组相似。允许交配的应激50天的雄性大鼠的肾上腺、精囊和前列腺重量以及上皮面积也与对照组相似。皮质酮低于应激50天的雄性大鼠，但仍高于对照组。应激50天且允许交配的雄性大鼠的睾酮水平高于不允许交配的应激雄性大鼠和未交配的对照雄性大鼠，但仍低于对照交配雄性大鼠。这些结果表明，慢性应激导致睾丸中的生殖细胞损失以及前列腺和精囊上皮减少，可能是睾酮降低的结果，影响生育能力。持续交配可减轻应激对睾酮水平和雄性性腺上皮面积的影响，但在应激50天后对生精上皮无影响。
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