Department of Psychology and Brain Research Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada; email:
Annu Rev Psychol. 2015 Jan 3;66:25-52. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115159. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
Nearly 40 years of research on the function of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has provided a wealth of information on its contributions to behavior but has also yielded controversies and misconceptions regarding these functions. A primary tenet of this review is that, rather than serving as a "reward" center, the NAc plays a key role in action selection, integrating cognitive and affective information processed by frontal and temporal lobe regions to augment the efficiency and vigor of appetitively or aversively motivated behaviors. Its involvement in these functions is most prominent when the appropriate course of action is ambiguous, uncertain, laden with distractors, or in a state of flux. To this end, different subregions of the NAc play dissociable roles in refining action selection, promoting approach toward motivationally relevant stimuli, suppressing inappropriate actions so that goals may be obtained more efficiently, and encoding action outcomes that guide the direction of subsequent ones.
近 40 年来，对伏隔核（NAc）功能的研究为其在行为中的作用提供了丰富的信息，但也产生了关于这些功能的争议和误解。本篇综述的一个主要观点是，NAc 不是作为“奖励”中心，而是在行为选择中发挥关键作用，整合由额叶和颞叶区域处理的认知和情感信息，以提高对奖赏或惩罚性动机行为的效率和活力。当适当的行动路线不明确、不确定、充满干扰或处于变化状态时，其在这些功能中的参与最为明显。为此，NAc 的不同亚区在细化行为选择、促进接近动机相关刺激、抑制不适当行为以更有效地实现目标以及编码指导后续行为的动作结果方面发挥着可分离的作用。
