长枝木霉对燕麦孢囊线虫的寄生及致死作用

[Parasitic and lethal action of Trichoderma longibrachiatum against Heterodera avenae].

作者信息

Zhang Shuwu, Xu Bingliang, Xue Yingyu, Liu Jia

出版信息

Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2014 Jul 4;54(7):793-802.

PMID:25252461

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the potential of Trichoderma longibrachiatum spore suspension against Heterodera avenae.

METHODS

The parasitic and lethal effects of T. longibrachiatum spore suspension against the cysts of H. avenae were studied in vitro and observed under microscope.

RESULTS

Microscopic observation showed that the spore suspension of T. longibrachiatum parasitized on the cyst surface, germinated a large number of hyphae, and grew on the surface of the cyst at the initial stage. Later, the cysts were completely surrounded by dense mycelium, and the contents of digestion in cysts was lysed, even some cysts produced vacuoles, and some were split up and finally the cyst was dissolved by the metabolite of T. longibrachiatum. In vitro studies showed that high concentrations of T. longibrachiatum spores had strong parasitic and lethal effects on the cysts of H. avenae, and the probable mechanism of parasitic and lethal effects of T. longibrachiatum against H. avenae were mainly by inducing and increasing chitinase, glucanase and caseinase activity. The cysts were parasitized by 93.3% at 18 days, the hatching of cysts were inhibited by 93.6% at 10 days when treated with the concentrations (1.5 x 10(8) CFU/mL) of T. longibrachiatum.

CONCLUSION

Trichoderma longibrachiatum had strong parasitic and lethal effects on the cysts of H. avenae, and has the potential as a new biocontrol agent.

摘要

目的

评估长枝木霉孢子悬浮液对燕麦孢囊线虫的防治潜力。

方法

研究长枝木霉孢子悬浮液对燕麦孢囊线虫孢囊的寄生和致死作用，并在显微镜下观察。

结果

显微镜观察表明，长枝木霉孢子悬浮液寄生于孢囊表面，初期萌发大量菌丝并在孢囊表面生长。随后，孢囊被致密的菌丝完全包围，孢囊内的消化物质被溶解，部分孢囊产生液泡，有的孢囊破裂，最终孢囊被长枝木霉的代谢产物溶解。体外研究表明，高浓度的长枝木霉孢子对燕麦孢囊线虫孢囊具有较强的寄生和致死作用，其对燕麦孢囊线虫寄生和致死作用的可能机制主要是诱导并提高几丁质酶、葡聚糖酶和酪蛋白酶的活性。用浓度为1.5×10⁸CFU/mL的长枝木霉处理时，18天孢囊的寄生率为93.3%，10天孢囊孵化抑制率为93.6%。