Zhao S, Sedwick D, Wang Z
1] Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China [2] Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA [3] Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
1] Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA [2] Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Oncogene. 2015 Jul 23;34(30):3885-94. doi: 10.1038/onc.2014.326. Epub 2014 Sep 29.
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that remove phosphate from tyrosine residues in proteins. Recent whole-exome sequencing of human cancer genomes reveals that many PTPs are frequently mutated in a variety of cancers. Among these mutated PTPs, PTP receptor T (PTPRT) appears to be the most frequently mutated PTP in human cancers. Beside PTPN11, which functions as an oncogene in leukemia, genetic and functional studies indicate that most of mutant PTPs are tumor suppressor genes. Identification of the substrates and corresponding kinases of the mutant PTPs may provide novel therapeutic targets for cancers harboring these mutant PTPs.
蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTPs）是一类从蛋白质酪氨酸残基上去除磷酸基团的酶。近期对人类癌症基因组进行的全外显子组测序显示，许多PTPs在多种癌症中经常发生突变。在这些发生突变的PTPs中，PTP受体T（PTPRT）似乎是人类癌症中最常发生突变的PTP。除了在白血病中作为癌基因发挥作用的PTPN11外，遗传学和功能研究表明，大多数突变的PTPs都是肿瘤抑制基因。鉴定突变PTPs的底物和相应激酶可能为携带这些突变PTPs的癌症提供新的治疗靶点。
