Lopez-Valdes F J, Juste O, Pipkorn B, Garcia-Muñoz I, Sunnevång C, Dahlgren M, Alba J J
a TESSA-I3A , University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza , Spain.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2014;15 Suppl 1:S119-25. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2014.936410.
The goal of the study is to compare the kinematics and dynamics of the THOR dummy in a frontal impact under the action of 2 state-of-the-art restraint systems.
Ten frontal sled tests were performed with THOR at 2 different impact speeds (35 and 9 km/h). Two advanced restraint systems were used: a pretensioned force-limiting belt (PT+FL) and a pretensioned belt incorporating an inflatable portion (PT+BB). Dummy measurements included upper and lower neck reactions, multipoint thoracic deflection, and rib deformation. Data were acquired at 10,000 Hz. Three-dimensional motion of relevant dummy landmarks was tracked at 1,000 Hz. RESULTS are reported in a local coordinate system moving with the test buck.
Average forward displacement of the head was greater when the PT+FL belt was used (35 km/h: 376.3±16.1 mm [PT+BB] vs. 393.6±26.1 mm [PT+FL]; 9 km/h: 82.1±26.0 mm [PT+BB] vs. 98.8±0.2 mm [PT+FL]). The forward displacement of T1 was greater for the PT+FL belt at 35 km/h but smaller at 9 km/h. The forward motion of the pelvis was greater when the PT+BB was used, exhibiting a difference of 82 mm in the 9 km/h tests and 95.5 mm in the 35 km/h test. At 35 km/h, upper shoulder belt forces were similar (PT+FL: 4,756.8±116.6 N; PT+BB: 4,957.7±116.4 N). At 9 km/h, the PT+BB belt force was significantly greater than the PT+FL one. Lower neck flexion moments were higher for the PT+BB at 35 km/h but lower at 9 km/h (PT+FL: 34.2±3.5 Nm; PT+BB: 26.8±2.1 Nm). Maximum chest deflection occurred at the chest upper left region for both belts and regardless of the speed.
The comparison of the performance of different restraints requires assessing occupant kinematics and dynamics from a global point of view. Even if the force acting on the chest is similar, kinematics can be substantially different. The 2 advanced belts compared here showed that while the PT+BB significantly reduced peak and resultant chest deflection, the resulting kinematics indicated an increased forward motion of the pelvis and a reduced rotation of the occupant's torso. Further research is needed to understand how these effects can influence the protection of real occupants in more realistic vehicle environments.
本研究的目的是比较THOR假人在两种先进约束系统作用下正面碰撞时的运动学和动力学。
使用THOR假人在两种不同碰撞速度（35公里/小时和9公里/小时）下进行了10次正面雪橇试验。使用了两种先进的约束系统：预紧式限力安全带（PT+FL）和带有可充气部分的预紧式安全带（PT+BB）。假人测量包括上下颈部反应、多点胸部位移和肋骨变形。数据采集频率为10000赫兹。以1000赫兹跟踪相关假人标志点的三维运动。结果在随试验台车移动的局部坐标系中报告。
使用PT+FL安全带时头部的平均向前位移更大（35公里/小时：376.3±16.1毫米[PT+BB]对393.6±26.1毫米[PT+FL]；9公里/小时：82.1±26.0毫米[PT+BB]对98.8±0.2毫米[PT+FL]）。在35公里/小时时，T1的向前位移对于PT+FL安全带更大，但在9公里/小时时更小。使用PT+BB安全带时骨盆的向前运动更大，在9公里/小时试验中相差82毫米，在35公里/小时试验中相差95.5毫米。在35公里/小时时，上肩带力相似（PT+FL：4756.8±116.6牛；PT+BB：4957.7±116.4牛）。在9公里/小时时，PT+BB安全带力明显大于PT+FL安全带力。在35公里/小时时，PT+BB的下颈部弯曲力矩更高，但在9公里/小时时更低（PT+FL：34.2±3.5牛·米；PT+BB：26.8±2.1牛·米）。两种安全带在胸部最大位移均出现在胸部左上方区域，且与速度无关。
比较不同约束装置的性能需要从全局角度评估乘员的运动学和动力学。即使作用在胸部的力相似，运动学也可能有很大差异。这里比较的两种先进安全带表明，虽然PT+BB显著降低了胸部峰值和总位移，但由此产生的运动学表明骨盆向前运动增加，乘员躯干旋转减少。需要进一步研究以了解这些影响如何在更现实的车辆环境中影响对真实乘员的保护。
