Kamimura Akiko, Christensen Nancy, Al-Obaydi Sarah, Solis Silvia Patricia, Ashby Jeanie, Greenwood Jessica L J, Reel Justine J
Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Maliheh Free Clinic, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Womens Health Issues. 2014 Nov-Dec;24(6):656-62. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2014.05.007. Epub 2014 Oct 11.
Obesity is a significant public health problem in women's health. This study examined relationship between body esteem, exercise motivations, depression, and social support among female free clinic patients. Low-income women who are at risk for obesity and other health concerns would benefit from health education efforts.
We compared 299 female and 164 male free clinic patients 18 years or older using assessments for body esteem, motivation to exercise, depression, and social support.
Although female participants reported lower levels of body esteem and higher levels of depression compared with male participants (p < .01), female participants were more motivated to exercise for weight-related reasons than male participants (p < .05). U.S.-born female participants reported lower exercise motivations compared with non-U.S.-born female participants (p < .01). Social support might be an important factor to increase exercise motivation among female free clinic patients (p < .05); depression lowers levels of body esteem (p < .01).
The results of this study suggest that female free clinic patients should receive gender-specific interventions to promote positive body image and physical activity. It is important for health educators to engage a myriad of physical activity motives to increase the likelihood that clients will experience enjoyment and sustained adoption of exercise into their lifestyle. Future practice and research should warrant the implementation of body image and physical activity programs and the potential impact of using exercise to reducing depression among female patients at free clinics.
肥胖是女性健康领域的一个重大公共卫生问题。本研究调查了女性免费诊所患者的身体自尊、运动动机、抑郁和社会支持之间的关系。面临肥胖及其他健康问题风险的低收入女性将从健康教育活动中受益。
我们使用身体自尊、运动动机、抑郁和社会支持评估工具，对299名18岁及以上的女性免费诊所患者和164名男性免费诊所患者进行了比较。
尽管与男性参与者相比，女性参与者报告的身体自尊水平较低，抑郁水平较高（p < .01），但女性参与者因体重相关原因而进行运动的动机比男性参与者更强（p < .05）。与非美国出生的女性参与者相比，美国出生的女性参与者报告的运动动机较低（p < .01）。社会支持可能是增加女性免费诊所患者运动动机的一个重要因素（p < .05）；抑郁会降低身体自尊水平（p < .01）。
本研究结果表明，女性免费诊所患者应接受针对性别的干预措施，以促进积极的身体形象和体育活动。健康教育工作者调动多种体育活动动机很重要，这样可以增加客户体验到运动乐趣并持续将运动融入生活方式的可能性。未来的实践和研究应保证实施身体形象和体育活动项目，以及运动对降低免费诊所女性患者抑郁水平的潜在影响。
