Galil-Ogly G A, Ingberman Ia Kh, Bershchanskaia A M, Chazova N L
Arkh Patol. 1989;51(1):38-44.
Histological and ultrastructural studies were performed to examine 6 paragangliomas of various sites: carotid glomus, aortic body, sympathetic chain, and stomach. Five of the tumors in question had a histological structure typical of a paraganglioma. The gastric tumor was distinguished by being similar to a pheochromocytoma. With regard to the degree of infiltrative growth, the paragangliomas of the sympathetic chain and stomach were regarded as malignant. The ultrastructures of the paragangliomas examined were found to be of the same type. In all the neoplasms, tumor cells had signs of neuroendocrine and neurogenous differentiations that were characteristic of the ultrastructural organization of postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system. The neurogenous differentiation was evidenced by cytoplasmic portions that are structurally similar to rough-surface endoplasmic reticulum, which is pertaining to Nissl's bodies; neurofilaments that form concentric structures containing neuroendocrine granules such as fibrous or Pick's bodies; intracytoplasmic cilia; specialized cytoplasmic processes of two types: axons and dendrites; partially reduced intercellular contacts, such as axosomatic and axodendritic synapses; sustentacular cells (sustenocytes). In the neoplasms evaluated as malignant, the neurogenous differential signs were more pronounced by reducing the number of neurosecretory granules, which might, apparently, serve as an ultrastructural criterion for establishing the degree of paraganglioma malignancy.
进行了组织学和超微结构研究，以检查6例不同部位的副神经节瘤，包括颈动脉体、主动脉体、交感神经链和胃。其中5例肿瘤具有典型的副神经节瘤组织结构。胃肿瘤的特点是类似于嗜铬细胞瘤。就浸润性生长程度而言，交感神经链和胃的副神经节瘤被视为恶性。所检查的副神经节瘤的超微结构属于同一类型。在所有肿瘤中，肿瘤细胞具有神经内分泌和神经源性分化的迹象，这是自主神经系统节后神经元超微结构组织的特征。神经源性分化表现为细胞质部分在结构上类似于糙面内质网，即尼氏体；形成包含神经内分泌颗粒的同心结构的神经丝，如纤维状或皮克氏体；胞质内纤毛；两种特殊的细胞质突起：轴突和树突；部分减少的细胞间接触，如轴体和轴树突触；支持细胞（ sustentocytes）。在评估为恶性的肿瘤中，神经源性分化迹象更为明显，表现为神经分泌颗粒数量减少，这显然可能作为确定副神经节瘤恶性程度的超微结构标准。
