Cryptococcus is a leading mycological cause of morbidity among HIV-infected patients. In many patients, cryptococcosis is the first indication of AIDS. The lung is invariably the portal of entry and initial site of infection for C. neoformans. In immunosuppressed patients all areas of the body can be infected, and central nervous sistem involvement is the most severe complication. Cryptococcosis is an important fungal infection thatshould be considered in the differential diagnosis of the pulmonary infiltrates in the immunosuppressed patient. The purpose of this paper is to review the current knowledge of the management and treatment strategies of cryptococcosis.