Pfäffle Miriam, Černá Bolfíková Barbora, Hulva Pavel, Petney Trevor
Department of Ecology and Parasitology, Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
PLoS One. 2014 Dec 3;9(12):e114030. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114030. eCollection 2014.
Providing descriptive data on parasite diversity and load in sister species is a first step in addressing the role of host-parasite coevolution in the speciation process. In this study we compare the parasite faunas of the closely related hedgehog species Erinaceus europaeus and E. roumanicus from the Czech Republic where both occur in limited sympatry. We examined 109 hedgehogs from 21 localities within this secondary contact zone. Three species of ectoparasites and nine species of endoparasites were recorded. Significantly higher abundances and prevalences were found for Capillaria spp. and Brachylaemus erinacei in E. europaeus compared to E. roumanicus and higher mean infection rates and prevalences for Hymenolepis erinacei, Physaloptera clausa and Nephridiorhynchus major in E. roumanicus compared to E. europaeus. Divergence in the composition of the parasite fauna, except for Capillaria spp., which seem to be very unspecific, may be related to the complicated demography of their hosts connected with Pleistocene climate oscillations and consequent range dynamics. The fact that all parasite species with different abundances in E. europaeus and E. roumanicus belong to intestinal forms indicates a possible diversification of trophic niches between both sister hedgehog species.
提供姐妹物种中寄生虫多样性和负荷的描述性数据，是解决宿主 - 寄生虫协同进化在物种形成过程中作用的第一步。在本研究中，我们比较了来自捷克共和国的亲缘关系密切的刺猬物种欧洲刺猬（Erinaceus europaeus）和罗马尼亚刺猬（E. roumanicus）的寄生虫群落，这两个物种在有限的同域分布区域共存。我们检查了来自这个二次接触区域内21个地点的109只刺猬。记录到三种体外寄生虫和九种体内寄生虫。与罗马尼亚刺猬相比，欧洲刺猬体内的毛细线虫属（Capillaria spp.）和刺猬短腺吸虫（Brachylaemus erinacei）的丰度和感染率显著更高；与欧洲刺猬相比，罗马尼亚刺猬体内的刺猬膜壳绦虫（Hymenolepis erinacei）、克劳氏泡翼线虫（Physaloptera clausa）和大肾形吻线虫（Nephridiorhynchus major）的平均感染率和感染率更高。除了似乎非常不具特异性的毛细线虫属外，寄生虫群落组成的差异可能与它们的宿主复杂的种群统计学有关，这与更新世气候振荡以及随之而来的分布范围动态变化有关。欧洲刺猬和罗马尼亚刺猬体内丰度不同的所有寄生虫物种均属于肠道寄生虫这一事实，表明这两个姐妹刺猬物种之间的营养生态位可能存在分化。
