Kuang Xu, Xing Ding-Liang, Zhang Zhao-Chen, Song Hou-Juan, Wang Yun-Yun, Fang Shuai, Yuan Zuo-Qiang, Ye Ji, Lin Fei, Wang Xu-Gao, Hao Zhan-Qing
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2014 Aug;25(8):2149-57.
Spruce-fir forest is the best protected forest vegetation, while larch forest is intrazonal vegetation on the northern slope of Changbai Mountains. To further understand their species composition and community structure, we established a 4 hm2 forest permanent plot in each of these two forests in 2010. All free-standing plant species with DBH (diameter at breast height) ≥ 1 cm were mapped, tagged, and identified to species. The results showed that there were 9257 stems belonging to 8640 genotype individuals, 22 species, 6 genera and 12 families in the spruce-fir forest plot, while 4060 stems belonging to 3696 genotype individuals, 22 species, 8 genera and 16 families in the larch forest plot. Species composition in the two plots was very similar. Most of the species belonged to the Changbai Mountains plant flora. The analysis of species' importance values showed that there were dominant species in both communities. The spruce-fir forest was dominated by Abies nephrolepis and Larix olgensis, whose importance values accounted for 38.7% and 23.9% of the sum of importance values over all species in the plot, respectively. The larch forest was dominated solely by L. olgensis, whose importance value accounted for 61.9% of the sum of importance values over all species in the plot. Both forests were in good condition of regeneration and showed a reversed 'J' type in tree size distributions, at community level. However, different species showed different shapes in size distribution in the two forests. A. nephrolepis showed a reversed 'J' type size distribution in the spruce-fir forest, while L. olgensis with DBH ≥ 10 cm showed a hump-shaped distribution in the larch forest. Spatial distribution patterns of the main species changed differently with size class and spatial scales. Common species had different spatial distribution patterns in the two plots.
云冷杉林是保护最好的森林植被，而落叶松林是长白山北坡的非地带性植被。为进一步了解它们的物种组成和群落结构，我们于2010年在这两种森林中各建立了一个4公顷的森林永久样地。所有胸径（DBH，即离地面1.3米高处的直径）≥1厘米的独立植物物种都进行了绘图、标记并鉴定到种。结果表明，云冷杉林样地有9257株，属于8640个基因型个体，分属12科6属22种；而落叶松林样地有4060株，属于3696个基因型个体，分属16科8属22种。两个样地的物种组成非常相似。大多数物种属于长白山植物区系。物种重要值分析表明，两个群落都有优势种。云冷杉林以臭冷杉和长白落叶松为主，其重要值分别占样地所有物种重要值总和的38.7%和23.9%。落叶松林仅以长白落叶松为主，其重要值占样地所有物种重要值总和的61.9%。两个森林的更新状况良好，在群落水平上树木大小分布呈倒“J”型。然而，不同物种在两个森林中的大小分布形状不同。臭冷杉在云冷杉林中呈倒“J”型大小分布，而胸径≥10厘米的长白落叶松在落叶松林中呈驼峰状分布。主要物种的空间分布格局随径级和空间尺度的变化而不同。常见物种在两个样地中有不同的空间分布格局。
