Mann R, Malisoux L, Nührenbörger C, Urhausen A, Meijer K, Theisen D
Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Public Research Centre for Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2015 Dec;25(6):e638-45. doi: 10.1111/sms.12397. Epub 2014 Dec 30.
Running-related injuries remain problematic among recreational runners. We evaluated the association between having sustained a recent running-related injury and speed, and the strike index (a measure of footstrike pattern, SI) and spatiotemporal parameters of running. Forty-four previously injured and 46 previously uninjured runners underwent treadmill running at 80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, and 120% of their preferred running speed. Participants wore a pressure insole device to measure SI, temporal parameters, and stride length (S(length)) and stride frequency (S(frequency)) over 2-min intervals. Coefficient of variation and detrended fluctuation analysis provided information on stride-to-stride variability and correlative patterns. Linear mixed models were used to compare differences between groups and changes with speed. Previously injured runners displayed significantly higher stride-to-stride correlations of SI than controls (P = 0.046). As speed increased, SI, contact time (T(contact)), stride time (T(stride)), and duty factor (DF) decreased (P < 0.001), whereas flight time (T(flight)), S(length), and S(frequency) increased (P < 0.001). Stride-to-stride variability decreased significantly for SI, T(contact), T(flight), and DF (P ≤ 0.005), as did correlative patterns for T(contact), T(stride), DF, S(length), and S(frequency) (P ≤ 0.044). Previous running-related injury was associated with less stride-to-stride randomness of footstrike pattern. Overall, runners became more pronounced rearfoot strikers as running speed increased.
在业余跑步者中，与跑步相关的损伤仍然是个问题。我们评估了近期发生与跑步相关损伤与速度之间的关联，以及跑步的触地指数（一种衡量触地模式的指标，SI）和时空参数。44名曾受伤的跑步者和46名未受伤的跑步者在跑步机上以其偏好跑步速度的80%、90%、100%、110%和120%进行跑步。参与者穿着压力鞋垫装置，以2分钟为间隔测量SI、时间参数、步幅长度（S（length））和步频（S（frequency））。变异系数和去趋势波动分析提供了步幅间变异性和相关模式的信息。使用线性混合模型比较组间差异和速度变化。曾受伤的跑步者显示出SI的步幅间相关性显著高于对照组（P = 0.046）。随着速度增加，SI、接触时间（T（contact））、步幅时间（T（stride））和负荷因子（DF）降低（P < 0.001），而腾空时间（T（flight））、S（length）和S（frequency）增加（P < 0.001）。SI、T（contact）、T（flight）和DF的步幅间变异性显著降低（P≤0.005），T（contact）、T（stride）、DF、S（length）和S（frequency）的相关模式也显著降低（P≤0.044）。先前与跑步相关的损伤与触地模式的步幅间随机性较小有关。总体而言，随着跑步速度增加，跑步者后足着地更为明显。
