Bahadorani John N, Schricker Amir A, Pretorius Victor G, Birgersdotter-Green Ulrika, Dominguez Arturo, Mahmud Ehtisham
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, University of California, San Diego, California.
Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2015 Oct;86(4):777-85. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25826. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
Lead wire malposition is a known, but rare complication of permanent pacemaker or defibrillator implantation. The actual incidence and prevalence is unknown and management options for inadvertent left ventricular lead malposition have not been uniform. Current recommendations include systemic anticoagulation with warfarin or surgical lead removal with circulatory arrest for compelling clinical scenarios. Percutaneous left-sided lead extraction is contraindicated due to the potentially increased risk of thromboembolic complications associated with this procedure. To our knowledge, this is the first report of percutaneous extraction of inadvertently placed left ventricular and left atrial endocardial pacemaker leads with flow-preserving complete cerebral embolic protection. We also review the current literature regarding the incidence, management, and percutaneous extraction of left-sided cardiac leads.