利用粉煤灰合成沸石 4A 和 Na-P1 并应用于洗涤剂配方和猪废水处理。
Integrated synthesis of zeolites 4A and Na-P1 using coal fly ash for application in the formulation of detergents and swine wastewater treatment.
机构信息
Post-Graduation Program in Engineering and Technology Materials, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Prédio 30, 90619-900 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.
Faculty of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Prédio 12B, 90619-900 Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.
出版信息
J Hazard Mater. 2015 Apr 28;287:69-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.042. Epub 2015 Jan 20.
Several researchers have reported zeolite synthesis using coal ash for a wide range of applications. However, little attention has been given to green processes, including moderate synthesis conditions, using waste as raw material and effluent reuse or reduction. In this study, Brazilian coal fly ashes were used for integrated synthesis of zeolites 4A and Na-P1 by two different routes and under moderate operating conditions (temperature and pressure). Both procedures produced zeolites with similar conversions (zeolite 4A at 82% purity and zeolite Na-P1 at 57-61%) and high CEC values (zeolites 4A: 4.5meqCa(2+)g(-1) and zeolites Na-P1: 2.6-2.8meqNH4(+)g(-1)). However, process 1 generated less effluent for the zeolite mass produced (7mLg(-1)), with low residual Si and Al levels and 74% of the Si available in the coal fly ash incorporated into the zeolite, while only 55% is used in process 2. For use as a builder in detergents, synthetic zeolite 4A exhibited conformity parameters equal to or greater than those of the commercial zeolite adopted as reference. Treatment of swine wastewater with zeolite Na-P1 resulted in a high removal capacity for total ammoniacal nitrogen (31mgg(-1)).
几位研究人员已经报道了使用煤灰合成沸石的方法，适用于广泛的应用领域。然而，对于绿色工艺（包括温和的合成条件、利用废物作为原料以及废水再利用或减少），关注甚少。在这项研究中，使用了巴西煤灰，通过两种不同的路线和温和的操作条件（温度和压力），综合合成了沸石 4A 和 Na-P1。两种方法都得到了转化率相似的沸石（沸石 4A 纯度为 82%，沸石 Na-P1 为 57-61%）和高的 CEC 值（沸石 4A：4.5meqCa(2+)g(-1)，沸石 Na-P1：2.6-2.8meqNH4(+)g(-1)）。然而，与合成的沸石质量相比，方法 1 产生的废水量较少（7mLg(-1)），硅和铝的残留水平较低，煤灰中可用硅的 74%被整合到沸石中，而在方法 2 中仅使用了 55%。作为洗涤剂中的助剂，合成沸石 4A 的符合参数等于或大于所采用的商业沸石的参考值。用沸石 Na-P1 处理猪废水，对总氨氮的去除能力很高（31mgg(-1)）。
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