Lavarías S, García C F
Instituto de Limnología de La Plata "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA), CONICET CCT La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Boulevard 120 y 62, La Plata, 1900, Argentina,
Environ Monit Assess. 2015 Mar;187(3):65. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-4224-5. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
The effect of the organophosphate fenitrothion (FS) on the non-target freshwater prawn Palaemonetes argentinus was studied. Initially, the 96-h lethal concentration (LC50) of FS was determined in adult prawns. Inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) in the muscle and hemolymph was assessed. Then, in the hepatopancreas, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were analyzed. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was also determined in the hepatopancreas. The 96-h LC50 value was 1.12 μg/L. Hemolymph ChE activity showed a significant decrease in exposed prawns to FS compared to the control group, while no significant differences in the muscle were observed between groups (p < 0.05). FS caused a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GST compared to the control group (p < 0.02). By contrast, LPO levels were not affected by the pesticide (p < 0.05). These results indicate that P. argentinus is very sensitive to organophosphorus which alter biochemical parameters that are related to antioxidant status. Thus, these parameters could be used as biomarkers for assessing water pollution.
研究了有机磷农药杀螟硫磷（FS）对非靶标淡水虾阿根廷滑鳌虾的影响。首先，测定了FS对成年虾的96小时致死浓度（LC50）。评估了肌肉和血淋巴中胆碱酯酶（ChE）的抑制情况。然后，分析了肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）的活性。还测定了肝胰腺中的脂质过氧化（LPO）情况。96小时LC50值为1.12μg/L。与对照组相比，暴露于FS的虾血淋巴ChE活性显著降低，而各组肌肉中未观察到显著差异（p<0.05）。与对照组相比，FS导致抗氧化酶SOD、CAT和GST的活性显著增加（p<0.02）。相比之下，LPO水平不受该农药影响（p<0.05）。这些结果表明，阿根廷滑鳌虾对有机磷非常敏感，有机磷会改变与抗氧化状态相关的生化参数。因此这些参数可作为评估水污染的生物标志物。
