Danastas Kevin, Combes Valery, Lindsay Laura A, Grau Georges E R, Thompson Michael B, Murphy Christopher R
Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Physiol. 2015 Jan 22;6:2. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00002. eCollection 2015.
Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted glycoprotein that acts on endothelial cells to induce developmental and physiological angiogenesis. It has also been implicated in angiogenesis occurring in several pathologies, most notably, cancer. Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties depending on their exon composition. Recently, a new isoform has been identified, VEGF111 with a unique exon composition responsible for its high angiogenic potential. In humans, the only known inducer of VEGF111 is DNA damage but its natural presence in the uterus of the viviparous lizard, Saiphos equalis, suggests other mechanisms of regulation. Most interestingly, the possible relationship between the evolution of viviparity and the associated increased risk in developing cancer may be important in understanding the mechanisms underlying tumor development.
血管内皮生长因子是一种分泌型糖蛋白，作用于内皮细胞以诱导发育性和生理性血管生成。它也与多种病理状态下发生的血管生成有关，最显著的是癌症。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）mRNA转录本的可变剪接产生了几种具有不同特性的异构体，这取决于它们的外显子组成。最近，一种新的异构体VEGF111被鉴定出来，它具有独特的外显子组成，赋予其高血管生成潜力。在人类中，已知的VEGF111唯一诱导剂是DNA损伤，但它在胎生蜥蜴赛氏蜥（Saiphos equalis）子宫中的天然存在提示了其他调控机制。最有趣的是，胎生进化与相关癌症发生风险增加之间的可能关系，对于理解肿瘤发生的潜在机制可能很重要。
