Shi Zhan, Gao Xin, Zhou Renlai
aKey Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Research Center for Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University bDepartment of Psychology, School of Social and Behavior Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing cFaculty of Modern Educational Technology, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou dState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning eResearch Center of Emotion Regulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Neuroreport. 2015 Mar 4;26(4):228-32. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000334.
Previous studies have shown that working memory (WM) processes are related to frontal-midline theta (FM-theta) activity (4-8 Hz) and test anxiety impairs WM performance. However, the effect of test anxiety on FM-theta activity during WM has not been investigated as yet. To examine this question, 37 undergraduates were asked to complete a modified reading span task involving neutral working memory capacity (WMC) and emotional WMC while their electroencephalography was measured. The results showed that relative to neutral WMC performance (the ability to remember the letter lists in the context of valence-neutral sentences), emotional WMC performance (the ability to remember the letter lists in the context of test-related sentences) was poorer for highly test anxious participants compared with lowly test anxious participants. Relative to FM-theta activity during remembering the letter lists in the valence-neutral context, FM-theta activity was weaker during remembering the letter lists in the test-related context for highly test anxious participants compared with lowly test anxious participants. These findings indicate that FM-theta is an index not only for successful WM manipulation but also for efficient prefrontal cortex functioning during WM.
以往研究表明，工作记忆（WM）过程与额中线θ波（FM-θ，4-8赫兹）活动有关，且考试焦虑会损害WM表现。然而，考试焦虑对WM期间FM-θ活动的影响尚未得到研究。为了探究这个问题，37名本科生被要求完成一项修改后的阅读广度任务，该任务涉及中性工作记忆容量（WMC）和情绪性WMC，同时测量他们的脑电图。结果显示，与低考试焦虑参与者相比，高考试焦虑参与者在情绪性WMC表现（在与考试相关的句子情境中记住字母列表的能力）方面相对于中性WMC表现（在效价中性句子情境中记住字母列表的能力）更差。与低考试焦虑参与者相比，高考试焦虑参与者在与考试相关情境中记住字母列表时的FM-θ活动相对于在效价中性情境中记住字母列表时的FM-θ活动更弱。这些发现表明，FM-θ不仅是成功进行WM操作的指标，也是WM期间前额叶皮质有效运作的指标。
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