Michalec I, Tomanová M, Navrátilová M, Šimetka O, Procházka M
Ceska Gynekol. 2015 Jan;80(1):11-5.
The evaluation of the risk and protective factors for pelvic floor trauma in relation to vaginal delivery.
Review.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Ostrava.
The aim was to provide a comprehensive survey of studies focused on risk factors for pelvic floor trauma following vaginal delivery; and to constitute the relationship between the risk and protective factors and levator ani injury. To state the prognosis of the pelvic floor injury before a child delivery is difficult and almost impossible, but it has been assumed that an operative vaginal delivery (obstetrical forceps) represents a significant risk factor for avulsion. The change in obstetric practice can prevent the injury and thus to reduce an adverse effect.
Pregnancy and the methods of childbirth are important factors with an impact on pelvic floor injury, potentially contributing to the development of pelvic organ prolapse, and stress and anal incontinence. The recognition of the factors, the proper training of medical staff in the management of labour, and subsequently the proper treatment of perineal tears should prevent pelvic floor injury.
评估与阴道分娩相关的盆底创伤的风险因素和保护因素。
综述。
俄斯特拉发大学医院妇产科。
目的是全面调查聚焦于阴道分娩后盆底创伤风险因素的研究；并构建风险因素和保护因素与肛提肌损伤之间的关系。在分娩前很难甚至几乎不可能预测盆底损伤的预后，但据推测，手术助产（产钳）是导致撕脱的一个重要风险因素。产科实践的改变可以预防损伤，从而减少不良影响。
妊娠和分娩方式是影响盆底损伤的重要因素，可能导致盆腔器官脱垂、压力性尿失禁和肛门失禁。识别这些因素、对医护人员进行正确的分娩管理培训以及随后对会阴撕裂进行恰当治疗应可预防盆底损伤。
