Klinder Jens, Keßler Hans, Wolke Matthias, Mathey Ludwig, Hemmerich Andreas
Institut für Laser-Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Institut für Laser-Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Mar 17;112(11):3290-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1417132112. Epub 2015 Mar 2.
The Dicke model with a weak dissipation channel is realized by coupling a Bose-Einstein condensate to an optical cavity with ultranarrow bandwidth. We explore the dynamical critical properties of the Hepp-Lieb-Dicke phase transition by performing quenches across the phase boundary. We observe hysteresis in the transition between a homogeneous phase and a self-organized collective phase with an enclosed loop area showing power-law scaling with respect to the quench time, which suggests an interpretation within a general framework introduced by Kibble and Zurek. The observed hysteretic dynamics is well reproduced by numerically solving the mean-field equation derived from a generalized Dicke Hamiltonian. Our work promotes the understanding of nonequilibrium physics in open many-body systems with infinite range interactions.
通过将玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与具有超窄带宽的光学腔耦合，实现了具有弱耗散通道的迪克模型。我们通过在相界上进行猝灭来探索赫普-利布-迪克相变的动力学临界性质。我们在均匀相和自组织集体相之间的转变中观察到滞后现象，其封闭环路面积相对于猝灭时间呈现幂律标度，这表明可以在基布尔和祖雷克引入的一般框架内进行解释。通过对从广义迪克哈密顿量导出的平均场方程进行数值求解，很好地再现了观测到的滞后动力学。我们的工作促进了对具有无限范围相互作用的开放多体系统中非平衡物理的理解。
