[溶磷真菌P83菌株的筛选、鉴定及其溶磷与促植物生长效应]

[Screening, identification of P-dissolving fungus P83 strain and its effects on phosphate solubilization and plant growth promotion].

作者信息

Shi Fachao, Yin Zhongwei, Jiang Hongmei, Fan Bingquan

出版信息

Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2014 Nov 4;54(11):1333-43.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To isolate phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms from farmland, and to provide P-solubilizing microbial resource for bio-fertilizer production.

METHODS

Phosphate-solubilizing fungus was identified using morphological and cultural characteristics and ITS rDNA sequence analysis. The phosphate-solubilizing capacity of strain P83 was measured by Petri dishes, broth medium and soil pot experiment. The effect of strain P83 on plant growth was studied in field trials.

RESULTS

Strain P83 was identified as Penicillium decumbens with a strong ability to dissolve insoluble phosphates. P83 dissolved 42.68% Ca3 (PO4) 2 (5 g/L) and the concentration of available phosphorus was 956 mg/L during a 10-d shaking incubation. The concentration of available phosphorus dissolved from Yonghe rock phosphate by P83 was 152.8 mg/L after 10d shaking incubation at 28 degrees C and a speed of 180r/min. P. decumbens P83 had a significant growth promotion effect on corn in Chao soil under three phosphates such as Ca3 (PO4) 2, Zn3 (PO4) 2 and rock phosphate. Compared with the control, inoculation with P83 increased the fresh weight of corn biomass by 9.5% - 89.2% and dry weight of corn biomass by 35% - 231%, and soil available phosphorus content increased 2.1 mg/kg -40.5 mg/ kg. Field trials show that P. decumbens P83 had a greater effect on enhancement of corn grain yield, the yield was average 9.2t/hm2 and 35.3% higher than the control.

CONCLUSION

One new phosphate- solubilizing strain P83 was obtained and identified as P. decumbens. It solubilized insoluble phosphates in petri dishes, broth medium and pot experiments. P. decumbens P83 could increase corn yield significantly in field trials. P. decumbens P83 strain has the potential for biofertilizer production in the future.

摘要

目的

从农田中分离解磷微生物，为生物肥料生产提供解磷微生物资源。

方法

利用形态学、培养特性及ITS rDNA序列分析对解磷真菌进行鉴定。采用平板法、液体培养基法和土壤盆栽试验测定菌株P83的解磷能力。通过田间试验研究菌株P83对植物生长的影响。

结果

菌株P83被鉴定为斜卧青霉，具有较强的溶解难溶性磷酸盐的能力。在10 d振荡培养期间，P83溶解了42.68%的Ca3(PO4)2(5 g/L)，有效磷浓度为956 mg/L。在28℃、180 r/min振荡培养10 d后，P83从永和磷矿粉中溶解的有效磷浓度为152.8 mg/L。斜卧青霉P83在三种磷酸盐（如Ca3(PO4)2、Zn3(PO4)2和磷矿粉）存在下，对潮土中的玉米有显著的促生长作用。与对照相比，接种P83使玉米生物量鲜重增加9.5% - 89.2%，干重增加35% - 231%，土壤有效磷含量增加2.1 mg/kg - 40.5 mg/kg。田间试验表明，斜卧青霉P83对提高玉米籽粒产量效果显著，平均产量为9.2 t/hm2，比对照高35.3%。