Ferreira-Júnior Osmar Martins, Freire Maria do Carmo Matias, Moreira Rafael da Silveira, Costa Luciane Rezende
Dentistry Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil.
Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2015 Aug;43(4):349-56. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12159. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
Despite growing interest on dental pain in children, there are very few studies on its prevalence and determinants among preschool children. The objective of this study was to assess prevalence of dental pain and associated individual and contextual factors in 5 year-old Brazilian children.
This cross-sectional study used primary data from the 2010 National Survey of Oral Health, carried out in capital cities and a sample of country towns. Participants were 7280 5-year-olds, who were examined in their homes and whose parents answered a questionnaire. Dependent variable was report of dental pain in the last 6 months. Independent variables were contextual (city level) socioeconomic factors, and individual (child) sociodemographic and oral health-related variables. Data analysis included hierarchized Poisson regression models, using a multilevel approach and prevalence rate (PR) estimates.
The prevalence of dental pain was 22.0% (95% CI 19.1-25.2). It was higher among those living in cities with lower human development index (PR 0.07; 95% CI 0.02-0.22) and with a higher percentage of their population with an incomplete primary education (PR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.06). Indigenous children had prevalence of dental pain 1.97 times higher (95% CI 1.19-3.26) than those of white colour. Families with monthly incomes of U$ 218.00 or less and between U$ 219.00 and U$ 656.00 had, respectively, a prevalence of dental pain 2.67 (95% CI 1.33-5.32) and 2.11 (95% CI 1.03-4.32) times higher than families with highest income level. For each unit increase in the number of dwellers per bedroom, there was a 14% increase in the probability of having pain. Children with caries experience had a 3.45 (95% CI 2.58-4.62) higher prevalence of pain than caries-free individuals.
Dental pain prevalence in Brazilian preschool children was high and influenced by contextual and individual factors.
尽管对儿童牙痛的关注度日益增加，但关于学龄前儿童牙痛患病率及其决定因素的研究却非常少。本研究的目的是评估巴西5岁儿童的牙痛患病率以及相关的个体和环境因素。
这项横断面研究使用了2010年全国口腔健康调查的原始数据，该调查在首都城市和一些乡村城镇的样本中进行。参与者为7280名5岁儿童，他们在家中接受检查，其父母回答一份问卷。因变量是过去6个月内的牙痛报告。自变量是环境（城市层面）社会经济因素以及个体（儿童）社会人口统计学和口腔健康相关变量。数据分析包括分层泊松回归模型，采用多层次方法和患病率（PR）估计。
牙痛患病率为22.0%（95%可信区间19.1 - 25.2）。在人类发展指数较低的城市居民中患病率更高（PR 0.07；95%可信区间0.02 - 0.22），且在人口中未完成小学教育比例较高的城市居民中患病率也更高（PR 1.03；95%可信区间1.01 - 1.06）。土著儿童的牙痛患病率比白人儿童高1.97倍（95%可信区间1.19 - 3.26）。月收入在218.00美元及以下和219.00美元至656.00美元之间的家庭，其牙痛患病率分别比最高收入水平家庭高2.67倍（95%可信区间1.33 - 5.32）和2.11倍（95%可信区间1.03 - 4.32）。每间卧室居住人数每增加一个单位，牙痛概率增加14%。有龋齿经历的儿童的牙痛患病率比无龋齿儿童高3.45倍（95%可信区间2.58 - 4.62）。
巴西学龄前儿童的牙痛患病率较高，且受环境和个体因素影响。
