Tabbers Merit M, Benninga Marc A
Emma Children's Hospital/Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMJ Clin Evid. 2015 Mar 10;2015:0303.
Prevalence of childhood constipation has been estimated at 1% to 30% in the general population worldwide; most children have no obvious aetiological factors. One third of children with chronic constipation continue to have problems beyond puberty. Half of the children with chronic faecal impaction and faecal incontinence have experienced an episode of painful defecation, and many children with chronic constipation exhibit withholding behaviour.
We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of fibre for children with chronic constipation? What are the effects of probiotics for children with chronic constipation? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to May 2014 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
We found 12 studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
In this systematic review, we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: fibre and probiotics.
据估计，全球普通人群中儿童便秘的患病率为1%至30%；大多数儿童没有明显的病因。三分之一的慢性便秘儿童在青春期后仍有问题。一半患有慢性粪便嵌塞和大便失禁的儿童经历过排便疼痛，许多慢性便秘儿童表现出憋便行为。
我们进行了一项系统评价，旨在回答以下临床问题：纤维对慢性便秘儿童有何影响？益生菌对慢性便秘儿童有何影响？我们检索了：截至2014年5月的医学期刊数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、考克兰图书馆及其他重要数据库（《临床证据》综述会定期更新；请查看我们的网站获取本综述的最新版本）。我们纳入了来自美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和英国药品及医疗保健产品监管局（MHRA）等相关组织的危害警示。
我们发现12项研究符合我们的纳入标准。我们对干预措施的证据质量进行了GRADE评估。
在本系统评价中，我们提供了以下干预措施的有效性和安全性相关信息：纤维和益生菌。
