School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 May 26;166:323-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.025. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
Orthosiphon stamineus (OS), a traditional Chinese herb, is often used for promoting urination and treating nephrolithiasis.
Urolithiasis is a major worldwide public health burden due to its high incidence of recurrence and damage to renal function. However, the etiology for urolithiasis is not well understood. Metabonomics, the systematic study of small molecule metabolites present in biological samples, has become a valid and powerful tool for understanding disease phenotypes. In this study, a urinary metabolic profiling analysis was performed in a mouse model of renal calcium oxalate crystal deposition to identify potential biomarkers for crystal-induced renal damage and the anti-crystal mechanism of OS.
Thirty six mice were randomly divided into six groups including Saline, Crystal, Cystone and OS at dosages of 0.5g/kg, 1g/kg, and 2g/kg. A metabonomics approach using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was developed to perform the urinary metabolic profiling analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were utilized to identify differences between the metabolic profiles of mice in the saline control group and crystal group.
Using partial least squares-discriminant analysis, 30 metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers of crystal-induced renal damage. Most of them were primarily involved in amino acid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, purine metabolism, and the citrate cycle (TCA). After the treatment with OS, the levels of 20 biomarkers had returned to the levels of the control samples.
Our results suggest that OS has a protective effect for mice with crystal-induced kidney injury via the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways primarily involving amino acid, energy and choline metabolism.
作为一种传统的中国草药，越南肾茶（OS）常被用于促进排尿和治疗肾结石。
由于尿路结石的高复发率和对肾功能的损害，其成为了一个世界性的公共健康负担。然而，尿路结石的病因尚不清楚。代谢组学，即对生物样本中存在的小分子代谢物的系统研究，已经成为一种有效的、强大的工具，可用于了解疾病表型。在本研究中，我们对草酸钙晶体沉积导致的小鼠肾损伤模型进行了尿液代谢组学分析，以鉴定潜在的生物标志物，用于探究晶体诱导的肾损伤和 OS 的抗晶体机制。
36 只小鼠被随机分为 6 组，包括生理盐水组、晶体组、优克龙组和 OS 组（剂量分别为 0.5g/kg、1g/kg 和 2g/kg）。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用（UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS）建立代谢组学方法进行尿液代谢组学分析。采用主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）对生理盐水对照组和晶体组的代谢谱进行分析，以识别差异。
采用偏最小二乘判别分析，鉴定出 30 种潜在的生物标志物，这些标志物主要涉及氨基酸代谢、牛磺酸和次牛磺酸代谢、嘌呤代谢和柠檬酸循环（TCA）。经 OS 处理后，20 种生物标志物的水平恢复到对照样本水平。
我们的研究结果表明，OS 对草酸钙诱导的肾损伤具有保护作用，其机制可能与调节多种代谢途径有关，这些途径主要涉及氨基酸、能量和胆碱代谢。
