美国建筑工人与工伤相关的职业和非职业因素。
Occupational and non-occupational factors associated with work-related injuries among construction workers in the USA.
作者信息
Dong Xiuwen Sue, Wang Xuanwen, Largay Julie A
出版信息
Int J Occup Environ Health. 2015;21(2):142-50. doi: 10.1179/2049396714Y.0000000107.
BACKGROUND
Many factors contribute to occupational injuries. However, these factors have been compartmentalized and isolated in most studies.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationship between work-related injuries and multiple occupational and non-occupational factors among construction workers in the USA.
METHODS
Data from the 1988-2000 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort (N = 12,686) were analyzed. Job exposures and health behaviors were examined and used as independent variables in four multivariate logistic regression models to identify associations with occupational injuries.
RESULTS
After controlling for demographic variables, occupational injuries were 18% (95% CI: 1.04-1.34) more likely in construction than in non-construction. Blue-collar occupations, job physical efforts, multiple jobs, and long working hours accounted for the escalated risk in construction. Smoking, obesity/overweight, and cocaine use significantly increased the risk of work-related injury when demographics and occupational factors were held constant.
CONCLUSIONS
Workplace injuries are better explained by simultaneously examining occupational and non-occupational characteristics.
背景
许多因素会导致职业伤害。然而，在大多数研究中，这些因素被划分开来并孤立看待。
目的
研究美国建筑工人与工作相关的伤害与多种职业和非职业因素之间的关系。
方法
分析了来自1988 - 2000年全国青年纵向调查（1979年队列，N = 12,686）的数据。对工作暴露和健康行为进行了检查，并在四个多元逻辑回归模型中用作自变量，以确定与职业伤害的关联。
结果
在控制了人口统计学变量后，建筑工人遭受职业伤害的可能性比非建筑工人高18%（95%置信区间：1.04 - 1.34）。蓝领职业、工作中的体力劳动、多份工作和长时间工作导致建筑工人受伤风险增加。在人口统计学和职业因素保持不变的情况下，吸烟、肥胖/超重以及使用可卡因会显著增加与工作相关伤害的风险。
结论
通过同时考察职业和非职业特征，能更好地解释工作场所的伤害情况。
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