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源自N-苄基-2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丙酰胺和2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丁酰胺衍生物的新型杂合抗惊厥药的设计、合成及生物学评价

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new hybrid anticonvulsants derived from N-benzyl-2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide and 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamide derivatives.

作者信息

Kamiński Krzysztof, Rapacz Anna, Łuszczki Jarogniew J, Latacz Gniewomir, Obniska Jolanta, Kieć-Kononowicz Katarzyna, Filipek Barbara

机构信息

Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland.

Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland.

出版信息

Bioorg Med Chem. 2015 May 15;23(10):2548-61. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.038. Epub 2015 Mar 21.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to synthesize the library of 33 new N-benzyl-2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamides, 2-(3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamides, and 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamides as potential new hybrid anticonvulsant agents. These hybrid molecules join the chemical fragments of well-known antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) such as ethosuximide, levetiracetam, and lacosamide. The coupling reaction of the 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanoic acid, 2-(3-methyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanoic acid, or 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid with the appropriately substituted benzylamines in the presence of the coupling reagent, N,N-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) generated the final compounds 4-36. Spectral data acquired via (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and LC-MS confirmed the chemical structures of the newly prepared compounds. The initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice intraperitoneally (ip), using the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure tests. The rotarod test determined the acute neurological toxicity (NT). The results of preliminary pharmacological screening revealed that 25 compounds showed protection in half or more of the animals tested in the MES and/or scPTZ seizure models at the fixed dose of 100mg/kg. The broad spectra of activity across the preclinical seizure models displayed compounds 4, 7, 8, 13, 15-18, 24, and 26. The quantitative pharmacological studies in mice demonstrated the highest protection for compounds 4 (ED50 MES=67.65 mg/kg, ED50scPTZ=42.83 mg/kg); 8 (ED50 MES=54.90 mg/kg, ED50scPTZ=50.29 mg/kg); and 20 (ED50scPTZ=47.39 mg/kg). These compounds were distinctly more potent and provided better safety profiles in the rotarod test compared to valproic acid or ethosuximide, which were used as model AEDs. Compound 8 underwent only a slight metabolic change by the human liver microsomes (HLMs), and also did not affect the activity of human cytochrome P450 isoform, CYP3A4, in the in vitro assays.

摘要

本研究的目的是合成33种新的N-苄基-2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丙酰胺、2-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丙酰胺和2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丁酰胺文库,作为潜在的新型混合抗惊厥药物。这些混合分子结合了知名抗癫痫药物(AEDs)如乙琥胺、左乙拉西坦和拉科酰胺的化学片段。在偶联剂N,N-羰基二咪唑(CDI)存在下,2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丙酸、2-(3-甲基-2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丙酸或2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)丁酸与适当取代的苄胺发生偶联反应,生成了最终化合物4-36。通过(1)H NMR、(13)C NMR和LC-MS获得的光谱数据证实了新制备化合物的化学结构。最初的抗惊厥筛选是在小鼠腹腔内(ip)进行的,使用最大电休克惊厥(MES)和皮下戊四氮(scPTZ)惊厥试验。旋转棒试验测定急性神经毒性(NT)。初步药理筛选结果显示,在100mg/kg固定剂量下,25种化合物在MES和/或scPTZ惊厥模型中测试的一半或更多动物中表现出保护作用。化合物4、7、8、13、15-18、24和26在临床前惊厥模型中显示出广泛的活性谱。对小鼠的定量药理研究表明,化合物4(ED50 MES=67.65 mg/kg,ED50scPTZ=42.83 mg/kg);8(ED50 MES=54.90 mg/kg,ED50scPTZ=50.29 mg/kg);和20(ED50scPTZ=47.39 mg/kg)具有最高的保护作用。与用作模型AEDs的丙戊酸或乙琥胺相比,这些化合物明显更有效,并且在旋转棒试验中提供了更好的安全性。化合物8在人肝微粒体(HLMs)中仅发生轻微的代谢变化,并且在体外试验中也不影响人细胞色素P450同工酶CYP3A4的活性。

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