Suhling Hendrik, Knuth Christine, Haverich Axel, Lingner Heidrun, Welte Tobias, Gottlieb Jens
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Institute for General Practice, Hannover Medical Schoolr.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015 Mar 27;112(13):213-9. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2015.0213.
359 lung transplantations were performed in Germany in 2013. The main goals of lung transplantation are to prolong survival and improve the quality of life. Both of these goals can be reflected in a return to employment. We report the first study of employment after lung transplantation in Germany.
We evaluated the findings of a single-center, questionnaire-based cross-sectional investigation of the social and economic situation of 531 patients (September 2009 to March 2010) and obtained 5-year follow-up data in December 2014.
38% of the patients were employed after lung transplantation. They took a mean of ten sick days off from work each year; they did not have infections or organ rejection any more frequently than other patients. The fiveyear follow-up data showed no difference in the overall survival rate of employed and unemployed patients. Employment was associated with a better quality of life (80% [interquartiles: 70%, 95%]) versus 75% [interquartiles: 50%, 85%], p = 0.001). Factors associated with a return to employment included a higher educational level (odds ratio [OR] 2.6, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.7-4, p = 0.001) and better physical fitness (OR 2, 95%CI 1.3-3.2, p = 0.001).
The rate of return to work after lung transplantation in Germany is similar to the rates observed in other countries. The findings of this study imply that employment improves the quality of life and does not endanger health. Thus, patients who have received lung transplants should be advised to return to work if possible.
2013年德国共进行了359例肺移植手术。肺移植的主要目标是延长生存期并改善生活质量。这两个目标都可以通过重返工作岗位得以体现。我们报告了德国首例关于肺移植术后就业情况的研究。
我们评估了一项单中心、基于问卷调查的横断面调查结果，该调查针对531例患者的社会和经济状况（2009年9月至2010年3月），并于2014年12月获得了5年随访数据。
38%的患者在肺移植术后就业。他们平均每年请10天病假；他们感染或发生器官排斥反应的频率并不高于其他患者。5年随访数据显示，就业患者和未就业患者的总生存率无差异。就业与更好的生活质量相关（80%[四分位间距：70%，95%]），而未就业患者为75%[四分位间距：50%，85%]，p = 0.001）。与重返工作相关的因素包括较高的教育水平（比值比[OR] 2.6，95%置信区间[CI] 1.7 - 4，p = 0.001）和较好的身体素质（OR 2，95%CI 1.3 - 3.2，p = 0.001）。
德国肺移植术后重返工作的比例与其他国家观察到的比例相似。本研究结果表明，就业可改善生活质量且不会危及健康。因此，应建议接受肺移植的患者尽可能重返工作岗位。
