Rohde Marianne, Banner Jytte, Byard Roger W
Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2005 Jun;1(2):91-6. doi: 10.1385/FSMP:1:2:091.
A review was undertaken of the range of possible congenital lesions of the major airways and adjacent tissues that may cause critical compromise of luminal diameter with resultant respiratory arrest from airway occlusion. Lesions included micrognathic syndromes, macroglossia, choanal atresia and stenosis, tumors and choristomas, posterior lingual masses, laryngeal atresia and stenosis, laryngeal webs, laryngeal cysts and laryngoceles, laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia, and bronchomalacia. An autopsy approach to possible congenital obstructive lesions of the upper airway requires: (1) review of the clinical and family histories looking specifically at the nature of the terminal episode; (2) external examination looking for dysmorphic syndromes with mandibular or mid-facial hypoplasia; and (3) internal examination with layer dissection of the soft tissues of the neck and en bloc removal of the upper aerodigestive tract, with photographic recording and histological sampling.
对可能导致主要气道和相邻组织先天性病变的范围进行了综述，这些病变可能导致管腔直径严重缩小，进而因气道阻塞导致呼吸骤停。病变包括小颌综合征、巨舌症、后鼻孔闭锁和狭窄、肿瘤和迷芽瘤、舌后肿物、喉闭锁和狭窄、喉蹼、喉囊肿和喉气囊肿、喉软化、气管软化和支气管软化。对上气道可能的先天性阻塞性病变进行尸检需要：(1) 回顾临床和家族病史，特别关注终末事件的性质；(2) 外部检查，寻找下颌或面中部发育不全的畸形综合征；(3) 内部检查，对颈部软组织进行分层解剖，并整块切除上消化道，同时进行摄影记录和组织学取样。
