植物生态学。人为环境变化通过生物多样性影响生态系统稳定性。

Plant ecology. Anthropogenic environmental changes affect ecosystem stability via biodiversity.

机构信息

Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands.

Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. Bren School of the Environment, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

出版信息

Science. 2015 Apr 17;348(6232):336-40. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1788.

DOI:10.1126/science.aaa1788

PMID:25883357

Abstract

Human-driven environmental changes may simultaneously affect the biodiversity, productivity, and stability of Earth's ecosystems, but there is no consensus on the causal relationships linking these variables. Data from 12 multiyear experiments that manipulate important anthropogenic drivers, including plant diversity, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, fire, herbivory, and water, show that each driver influences ecosystem productivity. However, the stability of ecosystem productivity is only changed by those drivers that alter biodiversity, with a given decrease in plant species numbers leading to a quantitatively similar decrease in ecosystem stability regardless of which driver caused the biodiversity loss. These results suggest that changes in biodiversity caused by drivers of environmental change may be a major factor determining how global environmental changes affect ecosystem stability.

摘要

人为驱动的环境变化可能同时影响地球生态系统的生物多样性、生产力和稳定性，但对于这些变量之间的因果关系尚没有共识。来自 12 项多年实验的数据表明，这些实验操纵了包括植物多样性、氮、二氧化碳、火灾、食草作用和水等重要人为驱动因素，每个驱动因素都影响生态系统的生产力。然而，只有那些改变生物多样性的驱动因素才会改变生态系统生产力的稳定性，无论哪种驱动因素导致生物多样性减少，给定的植物物种数量减少都会导致生态系统稳定性的定量相似减少。这些结果表明，由环境变化驱动因素引起的生物多样性变化可能是决定全球环境变化如何影响生态系统稳定性的一个主要因素。