Prashanth N T, Raghuveer H P, Kumar R Dilip, Shobha E S, Rangan Vinod, Hullale Baswaraj
Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Shavige Malleshwara Hills Kumaraswamy Layout, Bengaluru-560078, Karnataka, India, e-mail:
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2015 Feb 1;16(2):118-25. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1647.
The aim of the study was to identify the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients who had sustained facial injuries, additionally, we aimed to identify other variables that may modify the psychological response to trauma that include gender, age and presence of disfigurement post-treatment and visible scars/orthopedic injuries.
Participants comprised of 460 patients from several multinodal trauma centers in Bengaluru City, Karnataka, who had sustained facial injuries that had healed either with or without significant disfigurement or scarring and with visible/orthopedic injuries. One hundred and eleven patients of the chosen 460 had sustained nondisfiguring facial injuries while 153 patients sustained disfiguring facial injuries, 64 patients who sustained facial injury (i.e. 19.5%) were lost to follow-up and were not included in the study. One hundred and thirty-two had sustained orthopedic/visible injuries; however, in this group, 18 (i.e. 13.6%) patients were lost to follow-up and were excluded from the study. The impact of events scale (IES) was used to check the presence of PTSD.
Statistically significant higher means of IES were present in patients with disfiguring facial injuries compared to nondisfiguring facial injuries, female patients compared to male patients, patients with disfiguring facial injuries compared to orthopedic/visible injuries and patients who were younger than 50 years of age compared to patients who were older than 50 years of age and the results observed were similar at all three study intervals (date of discharge (DOD), 1 month and 6 months postoperatively).
Patients with disfiguring facial injuries had significantly higher PTSD levels compared to patients with nondisfiguring facial injuries, patients with orthopedic/visible injuries had statistically significant lower IES scores which could not be strictly termed PTSD when compared to patients with disfiguring facial injuries who had high scores of IES corresponding to high levels of PTSD and these results were observed at all three study intervals (DOD, 1 and 6 months postoperatively). Female patients with disfiguring facial injuries had significantly higher PTSD levels compared to male patients (at all the study intervals) and patients younger than 50 years of age had significantly higher PTSD levels compared to older patients.
本研究旨在确定面部受伤患者中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的存在情况。此外，我们旨在确定其他可能改变对创伤心理反应的变量，这些变量包括性别、年龄、治疗后毁容情况以及可见疤痕/骨科损伤情况。
参与者包括来自卡纳塔克邦班加罗尔市多个多节点创伤中心的460名患者，他们面部受伤，伤口愈合后有或没有明显毁容或疤痕，且伴有可见/骨科损伤。在选定的460名患者中，111名患者面部受伤但无毁容，153名患者面部受伤且有毁容，64名面部受伤患者（即19.5%）失访，未纳入研究。采用事件影响量表（IES）来检查PTSD的存在情况。
与无毁容面部损伤的患者相比，有毁容面部损伤的患者IES均值在统计学上显著更高；与男性患者相比，女性患者IES均值更高；与骨科/可见损伤患者相比，有毁容面部损伤的患者IES均值更高；与50岁以上患者相比，50岁以下患者IES均值更高，并且在所有三个研究时间点（出院日期（DOD）、术后1个月和6个月）观察到的结果相似。
与无毁容面部损伤的患者相比，有毁容面部损伤的患者PTSD水平显著更高；与有毁容面部损伤且IES得分高对应PTSD水平高的患者相比，骨科/可见损伤患者的IES得分在统计学上显著更低，严格来说不能称为PTSD，并且在所有三个研究时间点（DOD、术后1个月和6个月）均观察到这些结果。与男性患者相比，有毁容面部损伤的女性患者PTSD水平显著更高（在所有研究时间点），与老年患者相比，50岁以下患者PTSD水平显著更高。
