Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via Venezian 1, Milan 20133, Italy.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2015 Jun;15(6):801-13. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1041377. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Advances in early detection crucial to enable timely curative surgery have been made in recent years. Cost-benefit profiles of lung cancer screening in smokers by low-dose computed tomography are still under evaluation. In particular, the high false-positive rates of low-dose computed tomography, together with the issue of overdiagnosis and the overall costs of screening, prompted a focus on the development of noninvasive complementary biomarkers to implement lung cancer screening. MicroRNA are a new class of blood-based biomarkers useful for early lung cancer detection and prognosis definition. Here, we discuss the seminal publications that reported circulating microRNA signatures with the greatest potential to impact clinical activity and patient care.
肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因。近年来，在早期检测方面取得了进展，这对于实现及时的根治性手术至关重要。通过低剂量计算机断层扫描对吸烟者进行肺癌筛查的成本效益情况仍在评估中。特别是，低剂量计算机断层扫描的高假阳性率，加上过度诊断的问题和筛查的总体成本，促使人们关注开发非侵入性的互补生物标志物来实施肺癌筛查。microRNA 是一类新的血液生物标志物，可用于早期肺癌的检测和预后定义。在这里，我们讨论了具有最大潜力影响临床活动和患者护理的循环 microRNA 特征的开创性出版物。
