钕钇铝石榴石激光照射对乳牙的化学及形态学改变：一项体外长期分析

Chemical and Morphological Changes of Primary Teeth Irradiated with Nd:YAG Laser: An Ex Vivo Long-Term Analysis.

作者信息

Raucci Neto Walter, Lepri Cesar Penazzo, Faraoni Romano Juliana Jendiroba, Fernandes Fernanda Silva, de Castro Raucci Larissa Moreira Spinola, Bachmann Luciano, Dibb Regina Guenka Palma

机构信息

1 Dentistry Department, University of Ribeirão Preto - UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Photomed Laser Surg. 2015 May;33(5):266-73. doi: 10.1089/pho.2014.3876.

DOI:10.1089/pho.2014.3876

PMID:25954828

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess any long-term chemical and morphological Nd:YAG laser modifications on irradiated primary enamel.

BACKGROUND DATA

Previous studies on irradiated primary human enamel employed methodologies that evaluated the short-term effects only.

METHODS

One hundred and eighty-six irradiated (with and/or without fluoride) primary enamel teeth from high-caries-risk children, which were exfoliated over a 1-year period, were collected, and the sample surface area was submitted for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The subsurface was analyzed by Knoop microhardness and light microscopy (LM). Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05) and Kruskall-Wallis and Tukey tests (α=0.05).

RESULTS

FTIR analysis revealed a higher concentration of phosphate and carbonate in the irradiated (0.987±0.064) and lower concentration in the control groups (1.477±0.310). SEM analysis showed that the control samples exhibited a slightly smoother surface than the irradiated groups. The EDS analysis did not show any differences in the amount of calcium, phosphorus, or fluoride among the groups. The microhardness analysis revealed that sealant (249.86±7.15) and laser irradiation (262.44±22.69) led to higher hardness values than the negative control group (128.35±25.19). LM indicated significantly reduced caries formation in the laser (5.35±5.38%) and the laser plus acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) groups (10.35±0.88%) compared with the negative control group (72.56±12.86%).

CONCLUSIONS

Even with the limitations of the present study, these results suggest that Nd:YAG irradiation clinically modified the chemical composition of the enamel surface regardless of fluoride concentration, which successfully inhibited demineralization of primary tooth enamel over a 1-year period without significant morphological changes.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估钕钇铝石榴石（Nd:YAG）激光对照射后的乳牙釉质的长期化学和形态学改变。

背景资料

以往关于照射后乳牙釉质的研究采用的方法仅评估了短期效应。

方法

收集了186颗来自高龋风险儿童的照射过的（有和/或没有氟化物）乳牙釉质牙齿，这些牙齿在1年的时间内脱落，将样本表面区域进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和X射线能量色散光谱（EDS）分析。通过努氏显微硬度和光学显微镜（LM）分析牙釉质表层以下区域。数据采用单因素方差分析和Tukey检验（α=0.05）以及Kruskal-Wallis和Tukey检验（α=0.05）进行分析。

结果

FTIR分析显示，照射组中磷酸盐和碳酸盐的浓度较高（0.987±0.064），而对照组中浓度较低（1.477±0.310）。SEM分析表明，对照样本的表面比照射组略光滑。EDS分析未显示各组之间钙、磷或氟含量有任何差异。显微硬度分析显示，与阴性对照组（128.35±25.19）相比，封闭剂（249.86±7.15）和激光照射（262.44±22.69）导致硬度值更高。光学显微镜显示，与阴性对照组（72.56±12.86%）相比，激光组（5.35±5.38%）和激光加酸化磷酸氟（APF）组（10.35±0.88%）的龋齿形成明显减少。