Sosnoff Jacob J, Sung JongHun
Motor Control Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 906 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2015 Jun;15(6):655-66. doi: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1046377. Epub 2015 May 14.
Falls are common in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), and are related to physical injury and reduce the quality of life. Mobility impairments are a significant risk factor for falls in persons with MS. Although there is evidence that mobility in persons with MS can be improved with rehabilitation, much less is known about fall prevention. This review focuses on fall prevention in persons with MS. Ten fall prevention interventions consisting of 524 participants with a wide range of disability were systematically identified. Nine of the 10 investigations report a reduction in falls and/or proportion of fallers following treatment. The vast majority observed an improvement in balance that co-occurred with the reduction in falls. Methodological limitations preclude any firm conclusions. Numerous gaps in the understanding of fall prevention in persons with MS are discussed. Well-designed randomized control trials targeting mobility and falls are warranted.
跌倒在多发性硬化症（MS）患者中很常见，与身体损伤相关且会降低生活质量。行动障碍是MS患者跌倒的一个重要风险因素。尽管有证据表明，通过康复治疗可以改善MS患者的行动能力，但对于预防跌倒却知之甚少。本综述聚焦于MS患者的跌倒预防。系统识别出了10项跌倒预防干预措施，涉及524名残疾程度各异的参与者。10项研究中的9项报告称，治疗后跌倒次数和/或跌倒者比例有所降低。绝大多数研究观察到平衡能力有所改善，且与跌倒次数减少同时出现。方法学上的局限性妨碍得出任何确凿结论。文中讨论了在MS患者跌倒预防认识方面存在的诸多差距。开展针对行动能力和跌倒问题的精心设计的随机对照试验很有必要。
