Stahlman Shauna, Javanbakht Marjan, Cochran Susan, Hamilton Alison B, Shoptaw Steven, Gorbach Pamina M
Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2015 Jun;28(3):167-73. doi: 10.1002/jts.22009. Epub 2015 May 14.
Many U.S. military women are exposed to unwanted sexual contact during military service, which can have important implications for mental health. Using data from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors, we employed multiple logistic regression methods to examine whether unwanted sexual contact was associated with stress, screening positive for mental disorders, or substance use, among active duty service women. The sample included 7,415 female military personnel, of whom 13.4% reported unwanted sexual contact (including any touching of genitals) since entering the military. After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, factors independently associated with unwanted sexual contact included military-related stress (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.44), family/personal life-related stress (AOR = 1.78), and gender-related stress (AOR = 1.98) in the past 12 months. In addition, screening positive for depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, or psychological distress, and suicidal ideation or attempt were associated with unwanted sexual contact (AOR = 1.57-2.11). For drug/alcohol use, only misuse of tranquilizers/muscle relaxers (past 12 months) was associated with report of unwanted sexual contact (AOR = 1.35). Given the prevalence of unwanted sexual contact and corresponding adverse health outcomes in this sample of active duty women, strategies to create military structural/cultural changes and reduce gender-related stress and sexism are needed.
许多美国军事女性在服役期间遭受不必要的性接触，这可能对心理健康产生重要影响。利用2008年国防部健康相关行为调查的数据，我们采用多元逻辑回归方法，研究现役女性军人中不必要的性接触是否与压力、精神障碍筛查呈阳性或物质使用有关。样本包括7415名女性军事人员，其中13.4%报告自入伍以来遭受过不必要的性接触（包括任何对生殖器的触摸）。在对潜在的混杂变量进行调整后，与不必要的性接触独立相关的因素包括过去12个月中与军事相关的压力（调整后的优势比[AOR]=2.44）、与家庭/个人生活相关的压力（AOR=1.78）以及与性别相关的压力（AOR=1.98）。此外，抑郁症、焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍或心理困扰筛查呈阳性，以及自杀意念或自杀未遂与不必要的性接触有关（AOR=1.57 - 2.11）。对于药物/酒精使用，只有（过去12个月中）滥用镇静剂/肌肉松弛剂与不必要的性接触报告有关（AOR=1.35）。鉴于现役女性样本中不必要的性接触的普遍性以及相应的不良健康后果，需要制定策略来推动军事结构/文化变革，减少与性别相关的压力和性别歧视。
