Rodríguez-Muela C, Rodríguez H E, Arzola C, Díaz-Plascencia D, Ramírez-Godínez J A, Flores-Mariñelarena A, Mancillas-Flores P F, Corral G
J Anim Sci. 2015 May;93(5):2357-62. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-8670.
The effect of fermented apple pomace (FAP) on animal health, antioxidant activity (AA), hematic biometry (HBm) and the development of ruminal epithelium were investigated in a study with 24 finishing lambs (BW = 25.4 ± 3.3 Kg). Lambs were grouped by sex (12 male and 12 female) and fed (n = 6 per group of treatment) a basal fattening diet (Control diet, T1) or the basal diet supplemented to include 10.91% of fermented apple pomace (FAP diet, T2). The animals were kept 56 d in individual metabolic cages, with ad libitum access to water and feed. Two blood samples were collected from each animal on d 0, 28, and 56 to determine AA in plasma and hematic biometry (HBm). Four samples of ruminal tissue were taken postmortem to evaluate the development of ruminal epithelium based on the length (LP) and width (WP) of papillae. AA and HBm data were analyzed with a mixed model (fixed effects: diet, sampling, sex, and their interaction; using the experimental unit nested in the effect of the diet as the random effect). LP and WP were analyzed with a hierarchical model, as simple and nested effects in the sampling site, where the fixed effects were the diet and the sex of the animal and their interaction. There was an effect of diet on AA, which was higher (P < 0.06) in T2 vs. T1 at 56 d (24.34 vs. 21.79 mM Fe2). Leukocytes increased (P < 0.05) from 7.5210(3) ± 1.2910/(3)μL to 9.1410(3) ± 1.2410(3)/μL in all the animals in the experiment, with a marked increased (P < 0.05) at 28 d after beginning of the feeding period, with values within the normal range for this species and without effect of the diet (P > 0.05) for the other indicators of HBm. Males' LP was higher in T2 than in T1 (P < 0.05). It was concluded that the use of FAP in the diets of finishing sheep reaped benefits on animal health and the development of rumen epithelium by improving antioxidant activity in plasma and stimulating the growth of papillae.
在一项针对24只育成羔羊（体重=25.4±3.3千克）的研究中，研究了发酵苹果渣（FAP）对动物健康、抗氧化活性（AA）、血液生物指标（HBm）和瘤胃上皮发育的影响。羔羊按性别分组（12只雄性和12只雌性），并喂食（每组处理6只）基础育肥日粮（对照日粮，T1）或添加10.91%发酵苹果渣的基础日粮（FAP日粮，T2）。动物在个体代谢笼中饲养56天，自由饮水和采食。在第0、28和56天从每只动物采集两份血样，以测定血浆中的AA和血液生物指标（HBm）。在死后采集四份瘤胃组织样本，根据乳头的长度（LP）和宽度（WP）评估瘤胃上皮的发育。AA和HBm数据采用混合模型进行分析（固定效应：日粮、采样、性别及其交互作用；将嵌套在日粮效应中的实验单位作为随机效应）。LP和WP采用层次模型进行分析，作为采样部位的简单和嵌套效应，固定效应为日粮、动物性别及其交互作用。日粮对AA有影响，在第56天，T2组的AA高于T1组（P<0.06）（24.34对21.79毫摩尔Fe2）。实验中所有动物的白细胞从7.52×10(3)±1.29×10/(3)μL增加到9.14×10(3)±1.24×10(3)/μL（P<0.05），在饲喂期开始后28天显著增加（P<0.05），该物种的这些值在正常范围内，日粮对HBm的其他指标无影响（P>0.05）。T2组雄性的LP高于T1组（P<0.05）。得出的结论是，在育肥绵羊日粮中使用FAP可通过提高血浆中的抗氧化活性和刺激乳头生长，对动物健康和瘤胃上皮发育产生有益影响。
