高密度脂蛋白如何保护低密度脂蛋白免受致动脉粥样硬化修饰：对氧磷酶1及其他主要角色。
How HDL protects LDL against atherogenic modification: paraoxonase 1 and other dramatis personae.
作者信息
Soran Handrean, Schofield Jonathan D, Liu Yifen, Durrington Paul N
机构信息
aCardiovascular Research Group, School of Medicine, Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester bCardiovascular Trials Unit, Central Manchester and Manchester Children University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
出版信息
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2015 Aug;26(4):247-56. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000194.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To summarize the current evidence about how HDL impedes the oxidative and glycative atherogenic modification of LDL.
RECENT FINDINGS
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is located on HDL. Meta-analysis of clinical epidemiological investigations reveals a substantial association of low serum PON1 activity with coronary heart disease incidence independent of other risk factors including HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI (apoAI). Transgenic animal models also indicate an antiatherosclerotic role for PON1. However, highly purified and recombinant PON1 do not retain their antioxidant properties.
SUMMARY
The therapeutic potential of PON1 should be recognized in preventing atherosclerosis and combating infection and organophosphate toxicity. In unleashing this potential, it is important to consider that both highly purified and recombinant PON1 are dissociated from the lipid phase and other components of HDL, such as apoAI and apoM, all of which may be required for HDL (through its PON1 component) to hydrolyze more lipophilic substrates.
综述目的
总结目前关于高密度脂蛋白（HDL）如何抑制低密度脂蛋白（LDL）氧化和糖基化致动脉粥样硬化修饰的证据。
最新发现
对氧磷酶1（PON1）位于HDL上。临床流行病学调查的荟萃分析显示，血清PON1活性降低与冠心病发病率显著相关，且独立于包括HDL胆固醇和载脂蛋白AI（apoAI）在内的其他危险因素。转基因动物模型也表明PON1具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用。然而，高度纯化的重组PON1并不保留其抗氧化特性。
总结
应认识到PON1在预防动脉粥样硬化以及对抗感染和有机磷毒性方面的治疗潜力。在发挥这一潜力时，重要的是要考虑到高度纯化的重组PON1均与HDL的脂质相及其他成分（如apoAI和apoM）分离，而HDL（通过其PON1成分）水解更多亲脂性底物可能需要所有这些成分。
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