Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 May 5;778:33-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.017. Epub 2015 Jul 8.
Mast cells are crucial effector cells in allergic reactions, where IgE is the best known mechanism to trigger their degranulation and release of a vast array of allergic mediators. However, IgE is not the only component to stimulate these cells to degranulate, while mast cell activation can also result in differential release of mediators. There is a plethora of stimuli, such as IgG, complement components, TLR ligands, neuropeptides, cytokines, chemokines and other inflammatory products, that can directly trigger mast cell degranulation, cause selective release of mediators, and stimulate proliferation, differentiation and/or migration. Moreover, some of these stimuli have a synergic effect on the IgE-mediated mast cell activation. Because of the ability to respond to a large repertoire of stimuli, mast cells may act as a versatile cell in various physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on non-IgE stimuli for (human) mast cells.
肥大细胞是过敏反应中的关键效应细胞，其中 IgE 是已知的触发其脱颗粒和释放大量过敏介质的最佳机制。然而，IgE 并不是唯一能够刺激这些细胞脱颗粒的成分，肥大细胞的激活也会导致介质的差异释放。有大量的刺激物，如 IgG、补体成分、TLR 配体、神经肽、细胞因子、趋化因子和其他炎症产物，可直接触发肥大细胞脱颗粒，导致介质的选择性释放，并刺激增殖、分化和/或迁移。此外，其中一些刺激物对 IgE 介导的肥大细胞激活具有协同作用。由于能够对大量刺激物作出反应，肥大细胞在各种生理和病理条件下可能表现出多功能性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了非 IgE 刺激物对（人）肥大细胞的作用的最新知识。
