Elton-Marshall Tara, Leatherdale Scott T, Driezen Pete, Azagba Sunday, Burkhalter Robin
Department of Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, London, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Prev Med. 2015 Sep;78:59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.07.007. Epub 2015 Jul 17.
To examine youth exposure to smoking in cars following 7 provincial bans on smoking in cars with children in Canada.
Repeated cross-sectional data from the 2004-2012 Youth Smoking Survey (n=91,800) were examined. Using a quasi-experimental design, contrasts of the interaction of survey year and province included in the logistic regression analyses were used to test whether exposure significantly declined pre-post implementation of a ban on smoking in cars relative to control provinces not implementing a ban.
Exposure across all provinces declined from 26.5% in 2004 to 18.2% of youth in 2012. Exposure declined significantly from pre to post implementation of a ban on smoking in cars with children in Ontario at time 1 post ban (Pre-Ban=20.4% T1post=10.3%, OR=0.45), time 2 post ban (12.1%, OR=0.61) and time 3 post ban (11.6%, OR=0.58) relative to control provinces that did not implement a ban. In British Columbia exposure to smoking in cars declined significantly at pre-post ban time 3 compared to the control group (Pre-Ban=21.2%, T3post=9.6%, OR=0.51). No other provinces had a significant change in exposure pre-post ban relative to the control provinces.
Although rates declined, significant differences were only found in Ontario relative to control provinces in the immediate and long term.
在加拿大7个省实施车内禁止与儿童同乘时吸烟的禁令后，研究青少年在车内接触吸烟的情况。
对2004 - 2012年青少年吸烟调查（n = 91,800）的重复横断面数据进行研究。采用准实验设计，在逻辑回归分析中，利用调查年份和省份的交互作用对比，来检验相对于未实施禁令的对照省份，车内吸烟禁令实施前后青少年接触吸烟的情况是否显著下降。
所有省份青少年接触吸烟的比例从2004年的26.5%降至2012年的18.2%。在安大略省，实施车内禁止与儿童同乘时吸烟的禁令后，接触吸烟的情况显著下降，相对于未实施禁令的对照省份，禁令实施后第1次调查时（禁令前 = 20.4%，禁令后第1次 = 10.3%，比值比 = 0.45）、第2次调查时（12.1%，比值比 = 0.61）和第3次调查时（11.6%，比值比 = 0.58）均是如此。在不列颠哥伦比亚省，与对照组相比，禁令实施前后第3次调查时车内接触吸烟的情况显著下降（禁令前 = 21.2%，禁令后第3次 = 9.6%，比值比 = 0.51）。相对于对照省份，其他省份在禁令实施前后接触吸烟情况无显著变化。
尽管接触吸烟率有所下降，但仅在安大略省发现相对于对照省份在短期和长期内存在显著差异。
