Zhang Chengjun, Sale Peter W G, Clark Gary J, Liu Wuxing, Doronila Augustine I, Kolev Spas D, Tang Caixian
Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.
Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Dec;22(23):18824-38. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5046-x. Epub 2015 Jul 24.
Plants for the phytoextraction of heavy metals should have the ability to accumulate high concentrations of such metals and exhibit multiple tolerance traits to cope with adverse conditions such as coexistence of multiple heavy metals, high salinity, and drought which are the characteristics of many contaminated soils. This study compared 14 succulent species for their phytoextraction potential of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. There were species variations in metal tolerance and accumulation. Among the 14 succulent species, an Australian native halophyte Carpobrotus rossii exhibited the highest relative growth rate (20.6-26.6 mg plant(-1) day(-1)) and highest tolerance index (78-93%), whilst Sedum "Autumn Joy" had the lowest relative growth rate (8.3-13.6 mg plant(-1) day(-1)), and Crassula multicava showed the lowest tolerance indices (<50%). Carpobrotus rossii and Crassula helmsii showed higher potential for phytoextraction of these heavy metals than other species. These findings suggest that Carpobrotus rossii is a promising candidate for phytoextraction of multiple heavy metals, and the aquatic or semiterrestrial Crassula helmsii is suitable for phytoextraction of Cd and Zn from polluted waters or wetlands.
用于重金属植物提取的植物应具备积累高浓度此类金属的能力，并展现出多种耐受特性，以应对多种重金属共存、高盐度和干旱等不利条件，而这些正是许多受污染土壤的特征。本研究比较了14种多肉植物对镉、铬、铜、锰、镍、铅和锌的植物提取潜力。在金属耐受性和积累方面存在物种差异。在这14种多肉植物中，澳大利亚本土盐生植物红番杏表现出最高的相对生长速率（20.6 - 26.6毫克/株·天）和最高的耐受指数（78 - 93%），而景天“秋悦”的相对生长速率最低（8.3 - 13.6毫克/株·天），多花玉树的耐受指数最低（<50%）。红番杏和水盾草对这些重金属的植物提取潜力高于其他物种。这些发现表明，红番杏是多种重金属植物提取的有前景的候选植物，而水生或半陆生的水盾草适合从污染水体或湿地中提取镉和锌。
