Gribben Paul E, Simpson Michael, Wright Jeffrey T
Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, School of the Environment, University of Technology, Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
Mar Environ Res. 2015 Sep;110:124-31. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.08.006. Epub 2015 Aug 19.
At local scales, habitat availability influences interactions between native and invasive species. Habitat availability may also predict patterns in native communities and invasive species at biogeographic scales when both native and invasive species have specific habitat requirements. The New Zealand porcelain crab, Petrolisthes elongatus, has invaded intertidal rocky shores around Tasmania, Australia, where it is found in high densities (>1800 m(2)) under rocks. A hierarchical sampling approach was used to investigate 1) the relationship between habitat availability (rock cover) and the biomass and abundance of P. elongatus, and 2) the relationship between P. elongatus biomass and native communities at local and regional scales. Invertebrate communities and habitat availability were sampled at multiple sites in the north and south regions of Tasmania. P. elongatus biomass and abundance were positively correlated with rock cover and patterns were consistent at the biogeographic scale (between regions). P. elongatus biomass was positively correlated with native species richness, biomass and abundance highlighting their co-dependence on rock cover. However, multivariate analyses indicated a different native community structure with increasing P. elongatus biomass. Flat, strongly adhering gastropods (chitons and limpets) were positively correlated with P. elongatus biomass, whereas mobile gastropods and crabs were negatively correlated with P. elongatus biomass. Despite local scale variation, there were clear consistent relationships between habitat-availability and the biomass of P. elongatus, and between native communities and the biomass of P. elongatus suggesting that the relationships between native and invasive species may be predictable at large spatial scales. Moreover, the strong relationships between P. elongatus biomass and changes in native community structure suggest a greater understanding of its impact is needed so that appropriate management plans can be developed.
在局部尺度上，栖息地可利用性会影响本地物种与入侵物种之间的相互作用。当本地物种和入侵物种都有特定的栖息地需求时，栖息地可利用性还可能预测生物地理尺度上本地群落和入侵物种的分布模式。新西兰瓷蟹（Petrolisthes elongatus）已入侵澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛周围的潮间带岩石海岸，在那里的岩石下发现其密度很高（>1800只/平方米）。采用分层抽样方法来研究：1）栖息地可利用性（岩石覆盖率）与长瓷蟹生物量和丰度之间的关系，以及2）长瓷蟹生物量与局部和区域尺度上本地群落之间的关系。在塔斯马尼亚岛的北部和南部地区的多个地点对无脊椎动物群落和栖息地可利用性进行了采样。长瓷蟹的生物量和丰度与岩石覆盖率呈正相关，且在生物地理尺度（区域之间）上模式一致。长瓷蟹的生物量与本地物种丰富度、生物量和丰度呈正相关，突出了它们对岩石覆盖率的共同依赖性。然而，多变量分析表明，随着长瓷蟹生物量的增加，本地群落结构有所不同。扁平、附着力强的腹足类动物（石鳖和帽贝）与长瓷蟹生物量呈正相关，而可移动的腹足类动物和螃蟹与长瓷蟹生物量呈负相关。尽管存在局部尺度的差异，但栖息地可利用性与长瓷蟹生物量之间，以及本地群落与长瓷蟹生物量之间存在明显一致的关系，这表明本地物种与入侵物种之间的关系在大空间尺度上可能是可预测的。此外，长瓷蟹生物量与本地群落结构变化之间的紧密关系表明，需要更深入了解其影响，以便制定适当的管理计划。
