性别在自我报告的抑郁和焦虑维度的共享遗传因素中的差异。

Sex differences in the shared genetics of dimensions of self-reported depression and anxiety.

机构信息

The Brain Dynamics Centre, Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia and Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney NSW 2031, Australia; School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.

The Brain Dynamics Centre, Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia and Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5717, United States of America.

出版信息

J Affect Disord. 2015 Dec 1;188:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.053. Epub 2015 Aug 28.

DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.053

PMID:26342886

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity varies between males and females for reasons still unknown. This study aims to test whether differences between males and females in self-reported symptoms and their covariation are caused by variations in the magnitude of genetic and environmental factors.

METHODS

750 monozygotic and dizygotic healthy twin pairs (18-60 years; M=39.77 years) participated in the TWIN-E project. Univariate and multivariate genetic modelling was undertaken using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42).

RESULTS

Additive genetics and unique environment contributed to self-reported depression (heritability, h(2): 34%), anxiety (h(2): 30%) and stress (h(2): 34%) scores in univariate models, and to the common latent factor (h(2): 39%) in the multivariate model. No sex differences in magnitude of estimates for DASS-42 scores were found in the univariate model. However when considering correlated depression and anxiety symptomatology only shared genetic factors between depression and anxiety contributed to depression scores in males, but both specific and shared genetic factors contributed to depression scores in females.

LIMITATIONS

The results are limited to the sample of healthy, community, adult, same sex twin pairs who participated in the study.

CONCLUSIONS

Differences in males and females in genetic aetiology of self-reported dimensions of depression are only apparent when taking into consideration the covariation with self-reported anxiety. This difference is highlighted by the finding that both common and specific genetic factors contribute to self-reported depression in females but not males. This novel finding may help explain the increased incidence of depression symptoms in females.

摘要

背景

抑郁和焦虑症状的流行率及其共病在男性和女性之间存在差异，其原因尚不清楚。本研究旨在检验男性和女性在自我报告的症状及其变异方面的差异是否是由遗传和环境因素的大小变化引起的。

方法

750 对单卵双生子和双卵双生子（18-60 岁；M=39.77 岁）参加了 TWIN-E 项目。使用抑郁焦虑压力量表（DASS-42）进行单变量和多变量遗传建模。

结果

在单变量模型中，加性遗传和独特环境对自我报告的抑郁（遗传度，h(2)：34%）、焦虑（h(2)：30%）和压力（h(2)：34%）评分有贡献，对多变量模型中的共同潜在因素（h(2)：39%）也有贡献。在单变量模型中，未发现 DASS-42 评分的估计值在性别间存在大小差异。然而，当考虑到相关的抑郁和焦虑症状时，只有抑郁和焦虑之间的共同遗传因素对男性的抑郁评分有贡献，而特定和共同遗传因素都对女性的抑郁评分有贡献。