一种在模拟回声条件下与人类感知兼容的听觉空间神经模型。

A Neural Model of Auditory Space Compatible with Human Perception under Simulated Echoic Conditions.

作者信息

Nelson Brian S, Donovan Jeff M, Takahashi Terry T

机构信息

Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2015 Sep 10;10(9):e0137900. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137900. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

In a typical auditory scene, sounds from different sources and reflective surfaces summate in the ears, causing spatial cues to fluctuate. Prevailing hypotheses of how spatial locations may be encoded and represented across auditory neurons generally disregard these fluctuations and must therefore invoke additional mechanisms for detecting and representing them. Here, we consider a different hypothesis in which spatial perception corresponds to an intermediate or sub-maximal firing probability across spatially selective neurons within each hemisphere. The precedence or Haas effect presents an ideal opportunity for examining this hypothesis, since the temporal superposition of an acoustical reflection with sounds arriving directly from a source can cause otherwise stable cues to fluctuate. Our findings suggest that subjects' experiences may simply reflect the spatial cues that momentarily arise under various acoustical conditions and how these cues are represented. We further suggest that auditory objects may acquire "edges" under conditions when interaural time differences are broadly distributed.

摘要

在典型的听觉场景中,来自不同声源和反射面的声音在耳朵中叠加,导致空间线索波动。关于空间位置如何在听觉神经元中编码和表征的主流假说通常忽略了这些波动,因此必须引入额外的机制来检测和表征它们。在这里,我们考虑一种不同的假说,即空间感知对应于每个半球内空间选择性神经元的中等或次最大放电概率。优先效应或哈斯效应为检验这一假说提供了理想的机会,因为声学反射与直接从声源到达的声音的时间叠加会导致原本稳定的线索发生波动。我们的研究结果表明,受试者的体验可能仅仅反映了在各种声学条件下瞬间出现的空间线索以及这些线索是如何被表征的。我们进一步表明,当双耳时间差广泛分布时,听觉对象可能会获得“边缘”。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1849/4565656/9b031abba8ca/pone.0137900.g001.jpg

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